Medical-Surgical Nursing, 10th Ed., Ignatavicius & Workman, 2020 | Registered Nurse (RN) School Study Aid
Renal Corpuscle
- Arterioles
- Glomerulus
- Capillaries
- Fenestrations
- Plasma Solutes and Other Small Molecules Become Ultrafiltrate
- Bowman's Capsule Encapsulates Glomerulus
Proximal Tubule
- Na+ Reabsorbed Via Active Transport
- Water Follows Na+
- Most Of Glucose Reabsorbed
- Most Of Amino Acids Reabsorbed
- Bicarbonate Exchanged For H+
- Drugs and Toxins Excreted
- Filtrate Osmolarity Same As Plasma
- Leads To Loop Of Henle
Loop of Henle
- Descending Limb
- Water Follows Na+
- Medullary Hypertonicity
- Increased Water Reabsorption
- Vasa Recta
- Na+ Reabsorbed Via Active Transport
- Ascending Limb
- Reabsorbs Na+, K+, Cl-
- Decreased Concentration of Filtrate
- Impermeable to Water
- Distal Tubule
Distal Tubule
- Hormonally Regulated
- Aldosterone Causes Na+ Reabsorption
- Na+ Reabsorbed Via Active Transport
- Water follows Na+
- Parathyroid Hormone Causes Ca2+ Reabsorption
- Leads to Collecting Duct
Collecting Duct
- Na+ Reabsorption
- Vasopressin Causes Water reabsorption
- Concentrates Filtrate
Erythropoietin
- Stimulates RBC Production
- Chronic Renal Failure
- Anemia
- Increased Risk of Thrombosis
- Pelvic and Limb Pain
- Hypertension
- Do Not Shake
- Monitor Hemoglobin (Hgb) Weekly
- May Accelerate Tumor Progression
Urinary Excretory Anatomy
- Renal Medulla
- Renal Cortex
- Nephron
- Bowman's Capsule
- Glomerulus
- Proximal Tubule
- Loop of Henle
- Distal Tubule
- Collecting Duct
- Ureter
- Urinary Bladder
- Urethra
BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen) Lab Values
Creatinine Lab Values
- Measures Renal Function
- 0.6 - 1.3 mg/dL
Urine Specific Gravity Lab Value
Low Blood Pressure Response
- Posterior Pituitary Releases Vasopressin
- Vasoconstriction
- Adrenal Cortex Releases Aldosterone
- Increased Na+ and H2O Reabsorption
pH - Blood and Urine Lab Value
- Blood
- 7.35 - 7.45
- Urine
- 4.0 - 8.0
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
- Internal Body Images
- Detects Variations of Soft Tissues
- No Metal Objects
- No Pacemakers
- Contrast is Non-Iodine
- Safe During Pregnancy
- Long Procedure
- Antianxiety Medications
Metformin (Glucophage)
- Decrease Glucose Production
- Increase Insulin Sensitivity
- Type 2 Diabetes
- Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
- GI Distress
- Decreased Appetite
- Lactic Acidosis
- IV Contrast
- Limit Alcohol Consumption
Pyelogram
- Visualizes Urinary Tract
- Diagnose Urinary Disorders
- Bowel Prep (Enema)
- IV Contrast Media
- X-Ray (Radiopaque)
- Increase Fluid Intake
- Iodine Allergy
- Decreased Renal Function