Medical-Surgical Nursing, 9th Ed., Lewis, Dirksen, Heitkemper & Bucher | Registered Nurse (RN) School Study Aid
Innate Immunity Cellular Response
- Natural Killer Lymphocytes Attack Abnormal Cells
- Neutrophils in Blood
- Infected Cells Release Interferon
- Complement Proteins Lyse Pathogens/Infected Cells
- Dendritic Cells in Tissue
- Macrophages in Tissue
Immune System Tissues
- Bone Marrow
- B Cells and T Cells Formed
- B Cells Mature
- Thymus
- T Cells Tested For Self-Response
- T Cells Mature
- Lymph Nodes
- Mature B Cells and T Cells Monitor Lymph For Pathogens
- Spleen
- Mature B Cells and T Cells Monitor Blood For Pathogens
Innate Immunity Barriers
- Skin Protects Against Pathogens
- Normal Flora Outcompete Pathogens
- Lysozyme in Saliva, Tears, and Mucus
- Mucous Traps Pathogens
- Cilia Remove Mucus
- Acid and Digestive Enzymes in the Stomach Kill Pathogens
Erythropoietin
- Stimulates RBC Production
- Chronic Renal Failure
- Anemia
- Increased Risk of Thrombosis
- Pelvic and Limb Pain
- Hypertension
- Do Not Shake
- Monitor Hemoglobin (Hgb) Weekly
- May Accelerate Tumor Progression
Humoral Adaptive Immunity
- B Cell Binds Free Floating Antigen
- B Cell Presents Antigen to Helper T Cell
- Helper T Cells Help B Cells Develop Antigen Specificity
- Plasma B Cells Secrete Antibodies
- Memory B Cells Cause Faster Secondary Response
Cell-mediated Adaptive Immune Response
- Macrophages and Dendritic Cells Present Antigens
- T Cell Develops Antigen Specificity
- Regulatory T Cells Suppress Response
- Memory T Cells Cause Faster Secondary Response
- Cytotoxic T Cells Lyse Infected Cells
- Infected Cells Present Antigen On Surface
Hypersensitivity Type I
- Previous Antigen Exposure
- Immediate Reaction
- IgE Cross-linking
- Presensitized Mast Cells
- Histamine Release
- Vasodilation
- Anaphylaxis
- Allergies
- Epinephrine
Hypersensitivity Type II
- Cytotoxic
- IgM or IgG antibody-mediated
- Membrane Attack Complex (MAC)
- Opsonization
- Complement Activation
- NK Cells
- Direct Coombs test
- Indirect Coombs Test
Hypersensitivity Type III
- Immune Complex
- Antigen-antibody (IgG) complex activates complement
- Neutrophils release lysozomal enzymes
- Arthus Reaction
- Serum Sickness
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
Hypersensitivity Type IV
- Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity
- T Cell Mediated
- Antibody Independant
- Macrophages Activated
- Transplant Rejection
- PPD Skin Test
- Contact Dermatitis
Cephalosporins
- Starts with "Cef-"
- Bactericidal
- Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Infections
- Allergic Reactions
- Thrombophlebitis
- Bleeding
- Renal Impairment
- Avoid IV Calcium with Ceftriaxone
- No Alcohol
Penicillin
- Weakens Cell Wall
- Gram-Positive Infections
- Prophylaxis
- Pain at IM Injection Site
- Allergic Reaction
- Skin Tests
- Allergy ID
- Medication Education
Cromolyn (Mast Cell Stabilizers)
- Mast Cell Stabilizer
- Asthma Prophylaxis
- Bronchial Inflammation
- Allergic Rhinitis
- Cough
- Bronchospasm
- Fixed Schedule Administration
Tacrolimus (Prograf) Overview
- Immunosuppressant
- Inhibits Calcineurin, Decreasing IL-2
- Transplant Rejection
- Atopic Dermatitis
- Increased Lymphoma Risk
- Avoid Grapefruit Juice
Tacrolimus (Prograf) Side Effects
- Nephrotoxicity
- Neurotoxicity
- GI Distress
- Infection
- Hypertension
- Hyperkalemia
- Hyperglycemia
Cyclosporine (Sandimmune) Overview
- Immunosuppressant
- Inhibits Calcineurin, Decreasing IL-2
- Prevent Transplant Rejection
- Psoriasis
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Monitor Plasma Levels
- Avoid Grapefruit Juice
- Increased Risk of Lymphoma
Cyclosporine (Sandimmune) Side Effects
- Nephrotoxicity
- Hepatotoxicity
- Infection
- Hypertension
- Hirsutism
- Tremor
- Hyperkalemia
- Hypomagnesemia
- Gingival Hyperplasia
Prednisone (Glucocorticoids)
- Glucocorticoid
- Inflammatory Conditions
- Organ Transplant Rejection
- Cataracts and Glaucoma
- Cushing's Syndrome
- Osteoporosis
- Immunosuppression
- Hyperglycemia
- Ulcers
- Adrenal Insufficiency
- Taper Gradually