Medical-Surgical Nursing, 9th Ed., Lewis, Dirksen, Heitkemper & Bucher | Registered Nurse (RN) School Study Aid
Pneumonia Assessment
- Older Adult
- Immunocompromised
- Long Term Care
- Shortness of Breath (SOB)
- Hypoxemia
- Cough and Sputum Production
- Wheezing or Crackles
- Fever
- Pleuritic Pain
- Chest X-ray
Pneumonia Intervention
- Humidified Oxygen
- Deep Breathing Exercises
- Position of Comfort
- Increase Fluid Intake
- Manage Fever
- Antibiotics
- Mucolytics
- Expectorants
- Pneumococcal Vaccine
- Sepsis
- Acute Respiratory Failure (ARF)
- Prevention Education
Macrolides
- End in "-thromycin"
- Bacteriostatic
- Alternative for Penicillin Allergy
- Respiratory Infections
- Pneumonia
- QT Prolongation and Sudden Death
- C.Diff Overgrowth
- GI Distress
- Slow IV Infusion
Fluoroquinolones
- End in "-floxacin"
- Bactericidal
- Variety of Infections
- GI Distress
- Photosensitivity
- Achilles Tendon Rupture
- Pregnancy
- Children
- Myasthenia Gravis
- Avoid Milk Products or Antacids
- Slow IV Infusion
Aminoglycoside Overview
- End in "-mycin"
- Gentamicin
- Neomycin
- Amikacin
- Tobramycin
- Streptomycin
- Bactericidal
- Severe Gram Negative Infections
- Bowel Surgery Prep
Aminoglycoside Side Effects
- Ototoxicity
- Nephrotoxicity
- Respiratory Paralysis
- Pregnancy
- Peak and Trough
- Never Mix with Penicillin in Same IV
Imipenem and Meropenem (Carbapenems)
- Carbapenems
- Broad-spectrum Antibiotic
- Bactericidal
- Gram Positive and Gram Negative Infections
- GI Distress
- Suprainfections
- Seizures
- Penicillin Allergy
- IV or IM Route
- Imipenem Combined with Cilastatin
Tuberculosis Assessment
- Airborne Droplet
- 3 Week Productive Cough
- Night Sweats
- Chest Pain
- Fever
- Weight Loss
- Fatigue
- Chest X-Ray
- Blood Tests
- Mantoux Skin Test
- 3 Positive Sputum Tests
Tuberculosis Skin Mantoux Test (PPD)
- Delayed Hypersensitivity (Cell Mediated Response)
- Intradermal Injection
- Read 48-72 hours
- ≥ 5 mm Induration
- Immunosuppressed
- ≥ 10 mm Induration
- High Risk Patients
- ≥ 15 mm Induration
- Chest X-Ray
Tuberculosis Intervention
- Airborne Isolation
- Combination Drug Therapy (RIPE)
- 6-12 Months
- DOT
- BCG Vaccination
- Medication Education
- 3 Negative Sputum Specimens
- Infection Control
Isoniazid (INH)
- Interferes with DNA Metabolism
- Tuberculosis (TB)
- Optic Neuritis
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Hepatotoxicity
- Peripheral Neuropathy
- Vitamin B6 Prophylaxis
- Monitor AST/ALT
Ethambutol (Myambutol)
- Inhibits RNA Synthesis
- Bacteriostatic
- Tuberculosis (TB)
- Optic Neuritis
- Red/Green Color Blindness
- Gouty Arthritis
- Monitor Vision Acuity
Clindamycin
- Bacteriostatic
- Binds 50S Ribosomal Subunit
- Gram-Positive Infections
- Anaerobic Infections
- Rash
- Pseudomembranous Colitis
- C. Difficile (Associated Diarrhea)
- Arrhythmias
- Blood Dyscrasias
- Monitor for Diarrhea
Lung Cancer Assessment
- 2nd Most Common Cancer
- Chronic Cough
- Hoarseness
- Abnormal Breath Sounds
- Hemoptysis
- Chest Pain
- Anorexia or Weight Loss
- Symptoms Appear Late in Disease
Cisplatin (Platinol)
- Alkylating Agent
- Cross-Links DNA
- Testicular Cancer
- Ovarian Cancer
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Myelosuppression
- Nephrotoxicity
- Ototoxicity
- Peripheral Neuropathy
- Antiemetics Before Administration
- Aggressive Hydration
Cardiac Tamponade
- Fluid in the Pericardial Sac
- Pericarditis
- Decreased Cardiac Output
- Beck's Triad
- Hypotension
- Jugular Venous Distention (JVD)
- Distant Heart Sounds
- Pulsus Paradoxus
- Electrical Alternans
- Pericardiocentesis
Pneumothorax
- Air Enters Pleural Space
- Sudden Dyspnea
- Absent or Restricted Movement on Affected Side
- Decreased or Absent Breath Sounds on Affected Side
- Chest Pain
- Tracheal Deviation
- Vital Sign Changes
- Crepitus
- High Fowler's Position With Oxygen
- Prepare For Chest Tube Placement
- Educate High Risk Patients
Chest Tubes: Management and Care
- Confirm suction order
- Crepitus
- Kinking
- Shortness of Breath (SOB)
- Infection
- Excessive bubbling
- If tube dislodges from patient, use petroleum gauze taped 3 ways
- If drainage system is damaged, place disconnected drainage tube in sterile water
Restrictive vs. Obstructive Lung Diseases
- Restrictive Lung Disease
- Decreased Lung Volume
- FEV1/FVC Ratio Normal to Increased
- Obstructive Lung Disease
- Increased Lung Volume
- Decreased FEV1/FVC Ratio
Pulmonary Embolism Assessment
- Shortness of Breath (SOB)
- Pleuritic Chest Pain
- Tachypnea
- Hemoptysis
- Hypoxemia
- Sudden Death
Pulmonary Embolism Causes
- FAT BAT Mnemonic
- Fat
- Air
- Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
- Bacteria
- Amniotic Fluid
- Tumor
- Hypercoagulable
- Central Venous Lines
- Immobilized
Warfarin (Coumadin)
- Inhibits Clotting Factors
- Atrial Fibrillation
- Venous Thrombosis
- Pulmonary Embolism
- PT/INR Levels
- Observe for Bleeding
- Pregnancy
- Vitamin K and Fresh Frozen Plasma
- Prolonged Therapeutic Onset
- Maintain Same Diet
Warfarin Antidotes
- Vitamin K
- Fresh Frozen Plasma
Alteplase
- Tissue Plasminogen Activator
- Thrombosis
- Bleeding
- Intracranial Hemorrhage
- Internal Hemorrhaging
- Minimize Bleeding
- Monitor for Shock
- Aminocaproic Acid