Pharmacotherapeutics for Advanced Nursing Practice, 1st. Ed., Demler & Rhoads, 2018 | Registered Nurse (RN) School Study Aid
Activated Charcoal (Actidose)
- Binds to Toxins
- Ingested Poison
- Black Stool
- GI Distress
- Give As Soon As Possible
- Via Mouth or NG Tube
- Gastric Lavage
- Do Not Administer with Antidotes
Opioids Overview
- Pain
- Weaning
- Cough
- Diarrhea
- Agonists at Mu (μ), Kappa (Κ), and Delta (δ) Receptors
- Decrease Synaptic Transmission
- Respiratory Depression
- Addiction
- Miosis
- Constipation
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) Interventions
- Identify Triggers
- Increase Fiber Intake
- Probiotics
- Anticholinergics
- Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs)
- Loperamide
- Linaclotide
- Tegaserod (Zelnorm)
- Lubiprostone (Amitiza)
- Alosetron (Lotronex)
Ondansetron
- Postoperative Vomiting
- Chemotherapy-induced Nausea and Vomiting
- 5-HT3 Serotonergic Antagonist
- Centrally-acting Antiemetic
- Headache
- Constipation
- QT Prolongation
Promethazine (Phenergan)
- Histamine H1 Receptor Antagonist
- Weak Dopamine Antagonist
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Motion Sickness
- Respiratory Depression
- Sedation
- Anticholinergic Effects
- Extrapyramidal Symptoms
- Use Large Bore IV
- Monitor for Tissue Necrosis
Ampicillin and Amoxicillin
- Aminopenicillin
- Broad Spectrum Penicillin
- Gram-Positive and Some Gram-Negative Infections
- Rash
- Diarrhea
- No Effect Against Staph Aureus
- Often combined with Beta Lactamase Inhibitor
- Allergic Reaction
Macrolides
- Bacteriostatic
- Bind to 23S rRNA of 50S Subunit
- Inhibit Protein Synthesis by Blocking Translocation
- Erythromycin
- Azithromycin
- Clarithromycin
- Gram-Positive Cocci
- Atypical Pneumonia
- Chlamydia
- Resistance by Methylation of 23S rRNA Binding
Metronidazole
- Bactericidal
- Forms Free Radical Toxic Metabolites
- Damages DNA
- Giardia lamblia
- Entamoeba Histolytica
- Trichomonas
- Gardnerella
- Anaerobes
- Metallic taste
- Disulfiram like Reaction with Alcohol
Tetracyclines Overview
- End in "-cycline"
- Bacteriostatic
- Infectious Diseases
- Acne
- Periodontal Disease
- Avoid Milk, Antacids, Iron
- Sunlight Protection
Cimetidine and Famotidine (H2 Receptor Blockers)
- -tidine Suffix
- H2 Receptor Blocker
- Suppress Gastric Acid Secretion
- Pneumonia
- Anti-androgen Effects
- CNS Changes
Dinoprostone and Misoprostol
- Prostaglandins
- Promote Cervical Ripening
- Prevent GI Ulcers
- Medical Abortion
- Fetal Distress
- Hyperstimulation of Uterus
- Vaginal Insertion
- Give Before Induction of Labor
Sucralfate (Carafate)
- Creates Protective Barrier
- GI Ulcers
- Constipation
- Require Acidic Environment
- Give on Empty Stomach
- Oral Suspension Available
- May Decrease Absorption of Other Meds
Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)
- "-prazole" Suffix
- Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome
- Gastritis
- Peptic Ulcer
- Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
- Inhibit H+/K+/ATPase
- Hip fracture
- Pneumonia
Pancreatin, Pancrelipase (Pancreatic Enzymes)
- Pancreatic Enzymes
- Cystic Fibrosis
- Pancreatic Insufficiency
- GI Distress
- Inactivated by Gastric Acid
- 24 Hour Fat Excretion
- Take with Every Meal and Snack
Metoclopramide
- Antiemetic
- Promotility Agent
- Increased Resting Tone
- Antagonist at D2 Receptor
- Parkinsonian Symptoms
- Galactorrhea
- Small Bowel Obstruction
- Parkinson's Disease