Understanding Pathophysiology, 6th Ed., Huether, McCance, Brashers, & Rote | Registered Nurse (RN) School Study Aid
Level of Consciousness: Descriptive guide for Glasgow Coma Scale
- Conscious
- Confused
- Delirious
- Somnolent
- Obtunded
- Stuporous
- Comatose
5 A's of Alzheimer's Disease
- Agnosia
- Anomia
- Aphasia
- Apraxia
- Amnesia
Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Assessment
- Inattention
- Incomplete Tasks
- Easily Distracted
- Hyperactivity
- Impulsiveness
- Disruptive
- Two Areas of Life
- Onset by Age 12
- Symptoms > 6 Months
Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Interventions
- CNS Stimulants
- Amphetamine
- Methylphenidate
- Bupropion (Wellbutrin)
- Atomoxetine (Strattera)
- Guanfacine (Intuniv)
- Manage Disruptive Behavior
- Provide Simple Instructions
Delirium
- Rapid Onset
- Reversible
- Hallucinations
- Decline in Cognition
- Short Attention Span
- Rapid Speech
- Change in Activity Level
- Mood Swings
Types of Seizures
- Tonic-Clonic
- Tonic
- Clonic
- Absence (Petit Mal)
- Myoclonic
- Atonic
- Partial (Focal) Seizure
- Focal Aware (Formerly Called Simple Partial)
- Focal Impaired Awareness (Formerly Called Complex Partial)
Seizure Precautions
- Reduce Environmental Stimuli
- Identify Triggers
- Aura
- Pad Side Rails
- Bed Lowest Position
- Oxygen and Suction Available
- Monitor Therapeutic Drug Levels
Seizure Interventions
- Maintain Airway
- Side-lying Position
- Support Head
- Move to Floor
- Benzodiazepines
- Never Restrain
- No Objects in Mouth
- Document Details
Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP) Assessment
- Change in LOC
- Headache
- Cushings Triad
- Irregular Respirations
- Widening Pulse Pressure
- Bradycardia
- Projectile Vomiting
- Abnormal Pupils
- Papilledema
- Posturing
Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP) Interventions
- Elevate Head Of Bed
- Foley Catheter
- Mannitol (Osmitrol)
- High Dose Barbiturates
- Passive Hyperventilation
- Dexamethasone (Neoplasm or Infection)
- Neuro Assessment
- Maintain Normal Temperature
- Avoid Activities That Increase ICP
- Intracranial Monitoring System
Hydrocephalus
- Increased CSF in Ventricles of Brain
- Signs of Increased ICP
- High Pitched Cry
- Irritability
- Opisthotonus
- Increased Head Circumference
- Bulging Fontanel
- Setting Sun Sign
- Seizure Precautions
- Elevate HOB
- CSF Shunt
Traumatic Brain Injury Assessment
- Change in LOC
- Personality Changes
- Amnesia
- Increased Intracranial Pressure
- Diplopia
- Posturing
- Basilar Skull Fracture
- Halo or Ring Sign
- Intracranial Bleeding
Parkinson's Disease Assessment
- Decreased Dopamine
- Older Adult
- Cogwheel Rigidity
- Bradykinesia
- Shuffling Gait
- Resting Tremor
- Pill-Rolling
- Mask-Like Face
- Cognitive Decline
Parkinson's Disease Interventions
- Levodopa/Carbidopa (Sinemet)
- Entacapone (Comtan)
- Selegiline (Eldepryl)
- Amantadine (Symmetrel)
- Bromocriptine (Parlodel)
- Benztropine (Cogentin)
- Allow Extra Time
- Ensure Patient Safety
- Surgery As Last Resort
Tardive Dyskinesia
- Bizarre Facial Movements
- Bizarre Tongue Movement
- Increased Extremity Movements
- Stiff Neck
- Dysphagia
- Stop Medication
- AIMS
Huntington's Disease Assessment and Interventions
- Decreased GABA
- Appears around Age 40
- Slow Cognitive Decline
- Choreiform Movements
- Non Repetitive Jerks
- Neuroleptics
- Tetrabenazine
- Genetic Counseling
- Stages of Disease
- High Calorie Diet
Guillain-Barre Syndrome Assessment
- Ascending Paralysis
- Muscle Weakness
- Paresthesias (Pins and Needles)
- Diplopia
- Difficulty Speaking
- Dysphagia
- Labile Blood Pressure
- Loss of Bowel and Bladder Control
- Aggressive Airway Management
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
- Progressive Muscle Weakness
- Systemic Muscle Wasting
- Fasciculations
- Spasticity
- Fatigue
- Riluzole (Rilutek)
- Stretching
- Little to No Cognitive Decline
- Respiratory Support
- Palliative Care