Ace Your Wong's Nursing Care of Infants and Children, 11th Ed., Hockenberry, Wilson & Rogers Classes and Exams with Picmonic: #1 Visual Mnemonic Study Tool for Registered Nurse (RN) Students
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34 - The Child with Neuromuscular or Muscular Dysfunction
13 Picmonics to Learn | 24 mins
Cerebral Palsy (CP)
Cause/Mechanism
Maternal Infections
Fetal Hypoxia
Assessment
Developmental Delay
Neurological Dysfunction
Spasticity
Dysphagia
Interventions
Muscle Relaxants
Muscle Exercises
Assistive Devices
Braces
2 mins
Spina Bifida Assessment
Cause
Congenital Malformation of Vertebrae
Assessment
Dimple With or Without Hair Tuft
Lumbar Sac
Hydrocephalus
Paralysis
Considerations
Identify Type
2 mins
Spina Bifida Interventions
Surgery
Prone Position
Cover Sac with Moist (Sterile) Dressing
Measure Head Circumference
Bulging Fontanel
Considerations
Other Congenital Malformations Common
Bowel Control
Neurogenic Bladder
2 mins
Hydrocephalus
Cause
Increased CSF in Ventricles of Brain
Assessment
Signs of Increased ICP
Infant Assessment
High Pitched Cry
Irritability
Opisthotonus
Increased Head Circumference
Bulging Fontanel
Setting Sun Sign
Interventions
Seizure Precautions
Elevate HOB
CSF Shunt
2 mins
Enema Administration
Types
Tap Water/Soapsuds
Normal Saline
Hypertonic Solution
Medication
Oil Retention
Administration
Procedure Education
Wear PPE
Put Patient in Sims Position
Insert Tip
Start Flow Slowly
Stop With Discomfort
Potential for Vagus Response
2 mins
Guillain-Barre Syndrome Assessment
Assessment
Ascending Paralysis
Muscle Weakness
Paresthesias (Pins and Needles)
Diplopia
Difficulty Speaking
Dysphagia
Labile Blood Pressure
Loss of Bowel and Bladder Control
Considerations
Aggressive Airway Management
2 mins
Myasthenia Gravis Assessment
Weakness with Muscle Use
Diplopia
Ptosis
Dysphagia
Difficulty Speaking
Fatigue
Complications
Cholinergic Crisis
Overmedicated
Myasthenic Crisis
Not Enough Medication
Respiratory Muscle Paralysis
2 mins
Succinylcholine
Indications
Inducing Paralysis
Mechanism of Action
Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Motor Nicotinic Receptor
ACh Receptor Agonist
Depolarization
Phases of Action
Phase I (Paralysis Non-reversible)
Phase II (Paralysis Reversible)
Neostigmine (Reversal Agent)
2 mins
Autonomic Dysreflexia
Injury Above T6
Assessment
Paroxysmal Hypertension
Bradycardia
Diaphoresis
Flushing Above Lesion
Piloerection
Nasal Congestion
Headache
Interventions
Elevate Head of Bed
Remove Noxious Stimuli
2 mins
Dermatomes - Cervical
C2 - Posterior Cap Distribution
C3 - High Turtleneck
C4 - Low Collar Shirt
C5 - Anterolateral Shoulder
C6 - Thumb
C7 - Middle Finger
C8 - Pinky Finger
1 min
Dermatomes - Thoracic
Characteristics
T1 - Medial Arm
T4 - Nipple
T7 - Xiphoid
T10 - Belly Button
T12 - Pubis
58 secs
Dermatomes - Lumbosacral
L2 - Medial Thigh
L3 - Medial Knee
L4 - Kneecap, Medial Ankle, and Big Toe
L5 - Dorsum of Foot
S1 - Lateral Foot, Posteriolateral Thigh
S 2, 3, 4, 5 - Perianal and Genitals
2 mins
Muscular Dystrophy
Mechanism
X-linked Recessive
Signs and Symptoms
Muscle Weakness
Motor Problems
Gower Sign
Large Calves
Waddling Gait
Loss of Ambulation
Consideration
Cardiac and Respiratory Failure
2 mins
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