Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Diagnosis and Clinical Features
- IM DAMN SHARP acronym
- Immunoglobulins
- Malar rash
- Discoid rash
- Antinuclear antibody
- Mucositis
- Neurologic disorders
- Serositis
- Hematologic disorders
- Arthritis
- Renal disorders
- Photosensitivity
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Mechanism, Treatment and Complications
- Systemic Autoimmune Disease
- 9:1 female to male ratio
- Glucocorticoids
- NSAIDS
- Hydroxychloroquine
- Cyclophosphamide
- Lupus nephritis
- Libman-Sacks Endocarditis
- Secondary Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome
- Drug-induced lupus
Polymyositis / Dermatomyositis Disease
- Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathy
- More Common in Women
- Endomysial Inflammation with CD8+ Cells (Polymyositis)
- Perimysial Inflammation with CD4+ Cells (Dermatomyositis)
- Symmetric Proximal Muscle Weakness
- Dysphagia
- Lung and Cardiac Involvement
- Malar Rash
- Shawl-like Shoulder Rash
- Gottron Papules on Knuckles
- Heliotrope Rash
Polymyositis / Dermatomyositis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Increased CK (CPK)
- Increased Aldolase
- Anti-JO-1 Antibody
- Anti-SRP Antibody
- Antinuclear Antibody
- Abnormal EMG
- Biopsy
- Corticosteroids
- Methotrexate
- Azathioprine
- Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG)
- Cyclophosphamide
- Rituximab
- Calcineurin Inhibitors
Myasthenia Gravis
- Antibodies to Acetylcholine Receptor
- Ptosis
- Diplopia
- Weakness with Muscle Use
- Respiratory Death
- Thymus Associated
- Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors
- Plasmapheresis
- Thymectomy
Graves' Disease Characteristics
- Women 20-40 years old
- Anti-TSH Receptor Antibodies
- Ophthalmopathy
- Exophthalmos
- Hyperthyroidism
- Goiter
- Pretibial Myxedema
Graves' Disease Labs and Treatment
- Decreased TSH
- Increased T3
- Increased T4
- Radioactive Iodine Uptake (RAIU)
- Beta blocker
- Methimazole
- Radioiodine Ablation
Hashimoto's Thyroiditis
- Hypothyroidism with Bouts of Hyperthyroidism
- Enlarged, Nontender Thyroid
- Autoimmune
- Anti-Thyroid Peroxidase (TPO)
- Anti-Thyroglobulin
- Hurthle Cells
- Lymphoid Follicles
- HLA-DR5 and HLA-DR3
- Increased Risk Of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Sjögren’s Syndrome
- Autoimmune Exocrine Gland Destruction
- Xerostomia
- Xerophthalmia
- Arthritis
- Anti SS-B (La)
- Anti SS-A (Ro)
- Schirmer's Test
- Salivary Gland Biopsy
- Symptomatic Treatment
- Lymphoma
- Sicca Syndrome
Bullous Pemphigoid
- Linear Deposits of IgG
- Affects Hemidesmosomes
- Epidermal Basement Membrane
- Tense Blisters on Skin
- Nikolsky Negative
- Contain Eosinophils
- Rarely Affect Oral Mucosa
Pemphigus Vulgaris
- Autoantibodies against desmosomes
- Flaccid Bullae on Skin
- Oral Mucosa Involvement
- Intraepidermal Acantholysis
- Fluid Loss
- Infection
- Nikolsky Positive
- Biopsy showing Autoantibodies
- IVIG and Plasmapheresis
- Oral Steroids
- Immunosuppressants
Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia
- Preceding Infection or Vaccination
- Antiplatelet Antibodies
- Often Asymptomatic
- Bleeding
- Petechiae
- Thrombocytopenia
- Increased Megakaryocytes
- Corticosteroids
- Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG)
- Rituximab
- Splenectomy
Raynaud Phenomenon Characteristics and Presentation
- Stress-induced Vasospasm
- Primary Raynaud Phenomenon
- Idiopathic
- Reversible
- Symmetric
- Secondary Raynaud Phenomenon
- Autoimmune Diseases
- Drugs
- Severe Pain
- Ischemic Phase
- Hypoxic Phase
- Hyperemic Phase
Raynaud Phenomenon Diagnosis and Management
- Nailfold Capillary Microscopy
- Complete Blood Count (CBC)
- Antibody Testing
- Avoid Triggers
- Smoking Cessation
- Nifedipine
- Topical Nitroglycerin