Norovirus
- Calicivirus
- RNA Virus
- Non-enveloped
- Icosahedral
- SS Positive Linear
- Acute Gastroenteritis
- Supportive Therapy
- Often found in Cruise Ships
Clostridium difficile (Clostridioides difficile) Treatments
- Oral Vancomycin
- Fidaxomicin
- Metronidazole
- Stool Transplant
Clostridioides difficile (Clostridium difficile)
- Gram-Positive
- Bacillus
- Anaerobe
- Clindamycin and Ampicillin
- Toxin A Enterotoxin
- Damages Brush Border of Gut
- Toxin B Cytotoxin
- Damages Cytoskeletal Structure
- Diarrhea
- Pseudomembranous Colitis
- Toxic Megacolon
- Detect Toxins in Stool
- Metronidazole
- Vancomycin
E. coli Overview
- Gram-Negative
- Bacillus
- Purple Colony with Metallic Green Sheen
- Lactose-Fermenting
- Pink on MacConkey Agar
- Diarrhea
- Lipid A Septic Shock
- P Pili Pyelonephritis and Cystitis
- K Capsule Neonatal Meningitis
- K Capsule Pneumonia
- H Antigen Flagella
Helicobacter Pylori
- Gram-Negative
- Bacilli
- Curved
- Polar Flagellum
- Catalase-Positive
- Oxidase-Positive
- Gastric and Duodenal Ulcers
- Ammonia
- Neutral Environment
- Gastric Adenocarcinoma
- MALT lymphoma
- Serology IgG antibody
- Stool Antigen
- Urease Positive Breath Test
- Biopsy
- 2 ABX and PPI
Helicobacter pylori Associations
- Gastritis
- Peptic Ulcer Disease
- Stomach Cancer
Salmonella Enterica Spp.
- Animal and Human Reservoir
- Poultry and Eggs
- Turtles
- PMN Immune Response
- Gastroenteritis
- Diarrhea
- Possibly Bloody
- No Antibiotics
- No Vaccine Available
Salmonella Overview
- Gram-Negative Rod
- Oxidase Negative
- Non Lactose Fermenter
- White on Macconkey Agar
- H2S Producing
- Flagella
- Invades GI Tract
- Peyer's Patches
- Osteomyelitis in Sickle Cell Patients
- Reactive Arthritis
- Antibiotics Prolong Fecal Excretion
Salmonella Typhi
- Colonizes Gallbladder
- Monocytic Immune Response
- Typhoid Fever
- Abdominal Pain
- Rose Spots on Abdomen
- Constipation Followed by Diarrhea
- Ceftriaxone
- Fluoroquinolones
- Oral Vaccine - Live
- IM Vaccine - Capsular Polysaccharide
Shigella
- Gram-Negative
- Bacilli
- Non Lactose Fermenting
- White on Macconkey Agar
- Oxidase Negative
- Non H2S Producing
- Day Care Centers
- High Virulence
- Replicates Intracellularly
- Actin Rocket
- Bloody Diarrhea
- Shiga Toxin
- Inhibits 60S Ribosome
- Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS)
- Hemolytic Anemia
- Thrombocytopenia
- Kidney Failure
Vibrio Cholera Characteristics
- Gram-Negative
- Bacilli
- Glucose Fermenting
- Non-lactose Fermenting
- Oxidase Positive
- Comma Shaped
- Thrives in Alkaline Environment
- Crustaceans
Vibrio Cholera Disease
- ADP Ribosylating AB Toxin
- Turn Gs on Causing Increase in cAMP
- Secretion of Cl
- Blocks Reabsorption of Na
- Rice Water Diarrhea