Norovirus
- Calicivirus
- RNA Virus
- Non-enveloped
- Icosahedral
- SS Positive Linear
- Acute Gastroenteritis
- Supportive Therapy
- Often found in Cruise Ships
Rotavirus
- Reovirus
- Non-enveloped
- Double-Stranded
- RNA Virus
- Linear
- 11 Segments
- Triple Icosahedral Capsid
- Most Common Cause of Diarrhea Worldwide
- Villous Atrophy
- Winter Months
- Day Care Centers
- Oral Rehydration
Bacillus Cereus Characteristics
- Gram-Positive
- Bacilli
- Endospore Forming
- B Hemolytic
- Toxins and Enterotoxins
- Reheated Rice
Bacillus Cereus Disease
- Emetic Form
- Short Incubation (1-6 Hours)
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Diarrheal Form
- Long Incubation (8-16 Hours)
- Diarrhea and GI Pain
Clostridioides difficile (Clostridium difficile)
- Gram-Positive
- Bacillus
- Anaerobe
- Clindamycin and Ampicillin
- Toxin A Enterotoxin
- Damages Brush Border of Gut
- Toxin B Cytotoxin
- Damages Cytoskeletal Structure
- Diarrhea
- Pseudomembranous Colitis
- Toxic Megacolon
- Detect Toxins in Stool
- Metronidazole
- Vancomycin
Vibrio Cholera Characteristics
- Gram-Negative
- Bacilli
- Glucose Fermenting
- Non-lactose Fermenting
- Oxidase Positive
- Comma Shaped
- Thrives in Alkaline Environment
- Crustaceans
Fluoroquinolones Antibiotics
- -floxacin
- Inhibits Topoisomerase II & IV
- Bactericidal
- Gram-negative Rods
- Pneumonia
- Gastrointestinal Infections
- Urinary Tract Infection
- Genital Infections
- Levofloxacin
- Ciprofloxacin
- Has Pseudomonas Coverage
- Avoid Polyvalent Cations
Metronidazole
- Bactericidal
- Forms Free Radical Toxic Metabolites
- Damages DNA
- Giardia lamblia
- Entamoeba Histolytica
- Trichomonas
- Gardnerella
- Anaerobes
- Metallic taste
- Disulfiram like Reaction with Alcohol