How to Interpret Acid Base Disorders
- pH, pCO2, HCO3 (Bicarbonate)
- pH
- Acidosis
- Alkalosis
- pCO2
- Opposite Direction As pH
- Respiratory Acidosis
- Respiratory Alkalosis
- HCO3 (Bicarbonate)
- Same Direction As pH
- Metabolic Acidosis
- Metabolic Alkalosis
Metabolic Alkalosis
- Diuretic use
- Vomiting
- Antacid
- Hyperaldosteronism
Metabolic Alkalosis Interventions
- Treat Underlying Cause
- Stop Potassium (K+) Wasting Diuretics
- Spironolactone
- Acetazolamide
- IV Fluids
- Sodium Chloride
- Replace Potassium (K+)
- Monitor Respiratory Rate
- Monitor Heart Rate
- Seizure Precautions
Normal Gap Metabolic Acidosis
- HARD-ASS
- Hyperalimentation
- Addison's Disease
- Renal Tubular Acidosis
- Diarrhea
- Acetazolamide
- Spironolactone
- Saline Infusion
Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
- Increased Anion Gap
- MUDPILES
- Methanol
- Uremia
- Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)
- Propylene Glycol
- Isoniazid or Iron
- Lactic Acid
- Ethylene Glycol
- Salicylates
Metabolic Acidosis Interventions
- Raise Plasma pH > 7.20
- Treat Underlying Cause
- Sodium Bicarbonate
- Follow ABGs
- Continuously Monitor Patient