Christina Shared "BL cancer" - 24 Picmonics
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BL cancer
Cyclophosphamide
- Mechanism
- Requires Bioactivation by Liver
- Cross-links DNA
- Guanine N7 Position
- Indications
- Autoimmune Disorders
- Leukemia
- Lymphoma
- Solid Tumors
- Side Effects
- Myelosuppression
- Hemorrhagic Cystitis
- Prevent with Mesna
3 mins
Methotrexate
- Indications
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Cancer
- Medical Abortion
- Mechanism
- Folic Acid Analog
- Inhibits Dihydrofolate Reductase
- Side Effects
- Pulmonary Fibrosis
- Myelosuppression is Treated with Leucovorin Rescue (Folinic Acid)
- Macrocytic Anemia
- Hepatitis
- Teratogenic
- Mucositis
2 mins
Vincristine (Oncovin)
- Mechanism
- Vinca Alkaloid
- Inhibits Microtubules
- Indications
- Leukemias
- Lymphomas
- Side Effects
- Peripheral Neuropathy
- Paralytic Ileus
- Considerations
- Vesicant
2 mins
Etoposide
- Indications
- Small Cell Lung Cancer
- Testicular Cancer
- Mechanism of Action
- Inhibits Topoisomerase II
- Errors in DNA Synthesis Cause Apoptosis
- Side Effects
- Myelosuppression
- Alopecia
- Hypotension
- Nausea and Vomiting
2 mins
Doxorubicin (Adriamycin)
- Indications
- Solid Tumors
- Lymphomas and Leukemias
- Mechanism
- Free Radical Production
- Intercalates DNA
- Prevents Double Helix from Sealing
- Side Effect
- Cardiotoxicity
- Dexrazoxane Decreases Toxicity
1 min
Bleomycin
- Indications
- Testicular Cancer
- Hodgkin's Lymphoma
- Mechanism of Action
- Induces Free Radical Formation
- Breaks in DNA Strands
- Side Effects
- Pulmonary Fibrosis
- Skin Changes
- Mucositis
1 min
Rituximab
- Indications
- Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)
- Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Microscopic Polyangiitis (MPA)
- Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (Formerly Wegener's)
- Mechanism
- Monoclonal Antibody Against CD20
- Found on B Cell Neoplasms
- Side Effects
- Infusion Reactions
- Skin and Mouth Reactions
- Reactivation of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)
- Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML)
3 mins
Imatinib (Gleevec)
- Indications
- Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)
- Inhibitor of BCR-ABL Tyrosine Kinase
- Caused by Philadelphia Chromosome
- GI Stromal Tumors
- Inhibitor of C-kit Tyrosine Kinase
- Toxicity
- Fluid Retention
1 min
Hydroxyurea
- Mechanism
- Inhibits Ribonucleotide Reductase
- Decreased DNA Synthesis
- S-phase Specific
- Indications
- Melanoma
- Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)
- Sickle Cell Disease
- Through Increased HbF (Fetal Hemoglobin)
- Side Effects
- Myelosuppression
- GI Distress
2 mins
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)
- Ages < 15
- May Present with Bone Marrow Involvement in Children
- Mediastinal Mass in Adolescents
- TdT Positive
- CALLA Positive
- t(12;21) Better Prognosis
- Spread to CNS and Testes
- Most Responsive to Chemotherapy
2 mins
Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML)
- Myeloblasts Increase on Peripheral Smear
- Median Onset 60 Years
- T 15;17 M3 Subtype
- Auer Rods
- Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) is a Common Presentation
- M5 Gum Infiltration
- Responds to Vitamin A
3 mins
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)
- Signs and Symptoms
- Age > 60 Years
- B Cell Neoplasm
- Smudge Cells
- Often Asymptomatic
- Cold IgM Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
- Warm IgG Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
- Richter's Transformation
3 mins
Hairy Cell Leukemia
- Pathophysiology
- Mature B Cell Tumor
- Signs and Symptoms
- Splenomegaly
- Diagnosis
- Flow Cytometry
- Cells Have Filamentous Hair-Like Projections
- Stains TRAP Positive
- Dry Tap on Bone Marrow Aspiration
- Treatment
- Cladribine
- Pentostatin
2 mins
Adult T Cell Lymphoma
- Caused by HTLV 1
- Japan, West Africa, Caribbean
- Present with cutaneous lesions
- Aggressive
1 min
Mycosis Fungoides / Sézary Syndrome
- Mechanism
- Neoplastic CD4+ Cells
- Adults 40 - 60 Years Old
- Mycosis Fungoides
- Neoplastic CD4+ Cells Infiltrate Skin
- Rashes Or Plaques
- Pautrier's Abscesses
- Sézary Syndrome
- Neoplastic CD4+ Spread from Skin to Systemic Involvement
- Sézary Cells With "Cerebriform Nuclei"
2 mins
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)
- Pathophysiology
- BCR-ABL
- 9;22 Translocation
- Philadelphia Chromosome
- Signs & Symptoms
- Tyrosine Kinase
- Low Alkaline Phosphatase
- Splenomegaly
- Considerations
- Blast Crisis
- Age 30 to 90 Years
- Responds to Imatinib
3 mins
Follicular Lymphoma
- Derives from Germinal Center
- Occurs in adults
- T14;18
- BCL 2 overexpression
- BCL 2 inhibits apoptosis
- Indolent
- Generalized lymphadenopathy
- Bone marrow involvement
2 mins
Mantle Cell Lymphoma
- Older Males
- Activation of Cyclin D Gene
- T 11;14
- CD5
- Poor Prognosis
55 secs
Burkitt's Lymphoma
- Adolescents or young adults
- C-myc gene moves next to heavy chain Ig gene
- T 8;14
- Starry sky appearance
- Sheets of lymphocytes with interspersed macrophages
- Jaw lesion in endemic (African) form
- Pelvis or abdomen in non endemic form (American form)
- Associated with EBV
2 mins
Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma
- Epidemiology
- Most Common Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
- Usually in Older Adults
- 20% in Children
- Features
- May be Mature T Cell in Origin
- Derives from Germinal Center
- GI Tract and Brain
2 mins
