Tanner Shared "Q5 Pharm Test #2" - 21 Picmonics
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Q5 Pharm Test #2
Selective Alpha-1 Blockers
- "-osin" suffix
- Mechanism of Action
- Blocks Alpha1 Receptors
- Indications
- Hypertension
- Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
- Side Effects
- Syncope
- Orthostatic Hypotension
1 min
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) Diagnosis and Treatment
- Diagnosis
- Digital Rectal Exam
- Urinalysis to Detect Infection or Blood
- Treatment
- Alpha-1 Antagonists
- Tamsulosin
- 5 Alpha Reductase Inhibitors
- Finasteride
- TURP (Transurethral Resection of Prostate)
1 min
Anticholinergic Agents used for BPH
- Anticholinergic Agents
- Tolterodine
- Oxybutynin
- Darifenacin
- Solifenacin
- Fesoterodine
- Trospium
Acute Uncomplicated UTI Treatment
- E. Coli Resistance to TMP/SMX <20%
- TMP-SMX
- Nitrofurantoin (Macrobid)
- Fosfomycin
- E. Coli Resistance to TMP/SMX >20%
- Fluoroquinolones
- Amoxicillin/Clavulanate
- Cephalosporin
Acute Uncomplicated UTI Treatment in Pregnant female
- UTI Treatment
- Amoxicillin/Clavulanate
- Cephalexin
- Nitrofurantoin
- TMP-SMX
- Fosfomycin
- ADR's of Nitrofurantoin
- Hemolytic Anemia in a Newborn
- ADR's of Sulfonamides
- Kernicterus in Infants
- Contraindications
- Fluoroquinolones
Acute Uncomplicated Pyelonephritis
- Mild to Moderately ill 1st Line
- Fluoroquinolones
- >10% FQ resistance
- TMP-SMX
- Cefpodoxime
Acute Uncomplicated Pyelonephritis--Severe/Hospitalized
- Low risk of Resistance 1st Line
- Fluoroquinolones
- Ampicillin + Gentamycin
- Ceftriaxone or Cefipime
- Piperacillin/Tazobactam
- MDRO's/Last line
- Ertapenem
Complicated UTI's
- 1st Line
- Ampicillin + Gentamycin
- Piperacillin/Tazo
- Imipenem Combined with Cilastatin
- Meropenem
- PO options for Males
- Fluoroquinolones
- TMP-SMX
Treatment of Nosocomial/Catheter Associated UTI
- Antibiotics
- Ertapenem
- Ceftriaxone
- Cefepime
- Fluoroquinolones
Acute Prostatis Treatment
- <35 and STI cause
- Ceftriaxone (IM)
- >35 and Enterobacteriaceae cause
- Fluoroquinolones
- TMP-SMX
- Imipenem and Meropenem (Carbapenems)
Chronic Prostatitis Treatment
- Enterbacteriaceae Antibitotics
- Fluoroquinolones
- TMP-SMX
Thiazide Diuretics
- Early Distal Tubule
- Inhibits Na/Cl Reabsorption
- Sulfa Drug
- Hyperglycemia
- Hyperlipidemia
- Hypercalcemia
- Hyperuricemia
- Hyponatremia
- Hypokalemic Metabolic Alkalosis
2 mins
Loop Diuretics
- Mechanism of Action
- Thick Ascending Limb of Loop of Henle
- Inhibits Na+-K+-2Cl- Symporter
- Sulfa Drug
- Drug Names
- Furosemide
- Lasix
- Side Effects
- Gout
- Ototoxicity
- Hypocalcemia
- Hypokalemia
4 mins
Hyperkalemia
- Assessment
- > 5.0 mEq/L K+
- Abdominal Cramps
- Muscle Weakness
- Diarrhea
- Arrhythmia
- Tall, Peaked T Waves
- Interventions
- IV Calcium
- Infusion of Glucose and Insulin
- Loop or Thiazide Diuretics
- Kayexalate
- Dialysis
- Prevention Education
2 mins
Hypokalemia
- Assessment
- < 3.5 mEq/L
- Muscle Weakness
- Arrhythmia
- U Wave
- Ileus
- Hyporeflexia
- Interventions
- IV K+ Infusion at 5-10 mEq/hr
- Give Orally with Food
- Nursing Considerations
- Monitor Respiratory Status
3 mins
Hypermagnesemia
- Assessment
- Flushing
- Lethargy
- Muscle Weakness
- Decreased Deep Tendon Reflexes (DTRs)
- Decreased Respirations
- Bradycardia
- Hypotension
- Interventions
- Dialysis
- IV Calcium Gluconate
- Diuretics
- Avoid Antacids and Laxatives containing Mg2+
2 mins
Hypomagnesemia
- Assessment
- Confusion
- Increased Deep Tendon Reflexes (DTRs)
- Neuromuscular Irritability
- Seizures
- Muscle Cramps
- Tremors
- Insomnia
- Tachycardia
- Interventions
- Magnesium Sulfate
- Foods High in Magnesium
1 min
Hypercalcemia Treatments
- Treat Underlying Disorder
- Hydration
- Dialysis
- Calcium Restriction
- Bisphosphonates
- Calcitonin
- Cinacalcet
- Glucocorticosteroids
- Denosumab
2 mins
Hypocalcemia
- Muscle Spasms
- Assessment
- < 8.5 mg/dL Ca2+
- Decreased Bone Density
- Tetany
- Chvostek's Sign
- Trousseau's Sign
- Increased DTR
- ECG Changes
- QT Prolongation
- Considerations
- Oral and IV Replacement of Ca2+
- Seizure Precautions
2 mins
Hypocalcemia Treatments
- Characteristics
- Treat Underlying Disorder
- Acute Treatments
- IV Calcium Gluconate
- Cardioprotective
- Chronic Treatments
- Calcium Carbonate
- Calcium Citrate
- Vitamin D Supplements
- Considerations
- Treat Hypomagnesemia
2 mins
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