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JT Gm (-) bacteria
Haemophilus ducreyi
Characteristics
Gram-Negative
Coccobacillus
Pleomorphic
Parallel Short Chains
School of Fish Appearance on Gram Stain
Signs and Symptoms
Chancroid
Painful Genital Ulcer
Buboes
Treatment
Azithromycin
Ceftriaxone
2 mins
Bacteroides Fragilis
Characteristics
Gram-Negative
Anaerobe
Normal Colonic Flora
Produces Vitamin K
Produces Gas in Tissue
Foul-Smelling
Signs and Symptoms
Gastrointestinal Abscess
Treatment
Penicillin-Resistant
Clindamycin
Metronidazole
2 mins
Brucella
Characteristics
Gram-Negative
Coccobacillus
Unpasteurized milk
Goat cheese
Inside macrophages
Signs and Symptoms
Lymphadenopathy
Granulomas
Undulating fever
Treatment
Doxycycline
Gentamicin
2 mins
Bordetella pertussis
Pathophysiology
Gram-Negative
Coccobacillus
Bordet-Gengou Agar
ADP Ribosylating AB Toxin
Inhibits Gi to cause Increase in cAMP
Signs AND Symptoms
Lymphocytosis
Increase in Insulin
Catarrhal Phase is Infectious Period
Paroxysmal Phase is Symptomatic Period
Whooping Cough
Treatment
Macrolides
4 mins
Borrelia burgdorferi
Characteristics
Lyme Disease
Spirochete
Dark-field Microscopy
Giemsa Stain
Silver Stain
White-footed Mouse
Ixodes Tick
Babesia
Anaplasmosis
Signs & Symptoms
Flu-like Symptoms
Erythema Migrans
Bulls Eye Rash
Bilateral Bell's Palsy
Conduction Defects
Arthropathy
Treatments
Doxycycline
Ceftriaxone
3 mins
Chlamydia Characteristics
Characteristics
Cannot Make ATP
Elementary body infects
Intraepithelial
Reticulate Body Replicates
Diagnosis
Cell Wall Lacks Muramic Acid
Giemsa Stain
Inclusion Bodies
Treatment
Azithromycin (Preferred)
Doxycycline
2 mins
Coxiella burnetii
Characteristics
Gram Negative Bacteria
Intracellular
Aerosol Transmission
Affects Animal Handlers
Presentation
Q Fever
Flu-like Symptoms
Atypical Pneumonia
Hepatitis
Endocarditis
Diagnosis
Serology
Treatment
Doxycycline
2 mins
Bartonella henselae
Characteristics
Gram-Negative
Pleomorphic
Bacillus
Signs and Symptoms
Cat Scratch Fever
Lymphadenopathy
Bacillary Angiomatosis
Patients with AIDS
Mimics Kaposi Sarcoma
Benign
Reactive Arthritis
Non-Caseating Granuloma
2 mins
Shigella
Characteristics
Gram-Negative
Bacilli
Non Lactose Fermenting
White on Macconkey Agar
Oxidase Negative
Non H2S Producing
Day Care Centers
High Virulence
Replicates Intracellularly
Actin Rocket
Signs and Symptoms
Bloody Diarrhea
Shiga Toxin
Inhibits 60S Ribosome
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS)
Hemolytic Anemia
Thrombocytopenia
Kidney Failure
3 mins
Helicobacter Pylori
Characteristics
Gram-Negative
Bacilli
Curved
Polar Flagellum
Catalase-Positive
Oxidase-Positive
Disease
Gastric and Duodenal Ulcers
Ammonia
Neutral Environment
Gastric Adenocarcinoma
MALT lymphoma
Diagnosis
Serology IgG antibody
Stool Antigen
Urease Positive Breath Test
Biopsy
Treatment
2 ABX and PPI
2 mins
Yersinia Pestis (Black Plague)
Characteristics
Gram-Negative
Bacilli
Oxidase-Negative
Non-lactose Fermenting
Prairie Dogs
Fleas
Polysaccharide Capsule
Vw Antigen
F1 Antigen
Inhibits Macrophages
Southwest Region
Signs and Symptoms
Lymphadenopathy
Pneumonia
Black Cutaneous Hemorrhagic Lesions
Buboes
Diagnosis
Bipolar Giemsa Staining
3 mins
Yersinia Enterocolitica
Characteristics
Gram-Negative
Bacilli
Non-lactose Fermenting
Non-H2S Producing
Oxidase-Negative
Day Care Centers
Pork
Raw Milk
Pet (Puppy) Feces
Signs and Symptoms
Bloody Diarrhea
Mesenteric Adenitis
Granulomatous Microabscess in Mesenteric Lymph Nodes
Pseudoappendicitis (Mimics)
Reactive Arthritis
2 mins
Chlamydia trachomatis
Characteristics
A to C
Trachoma
Follicular Conjunctivitis
Blindness
Africa
L1 to 3
Lymphogranuloma venereum
Buboes
Genital Ulcer
D to K
Urethritis and PID
Neonatal Pneumonia
Staccato Cough
Neonatal Conjunctivitis
2 mins
Francisella tularensis
Mechanism
Contact with Infected Animals
Dermacentor Wood Tick
Deer Fly
Characteristics
Gram-Negative
Coccobacilli
Facultative Intracellular
Charcoal Yeast Agar with Cysteine and Iron
Signs and Symptoms
Ulceration
Fever
Painful Lymphadenopathy
Caseating Granulomas
Treatment
Streptomycin
3 mins
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Disease
Signs and Symptoms
Pneumonia
Cystic Fibrosis
Burn Wounds
Hot tub folliculitis
Urinary Tract Infections
Osteomyelitis associated with IV drug use
Osteomyelitis from Shoe Puncture Wound
Diabetic Osteomyelitis
Corneal Infections in contact lens users
Endocarditis
Ecthyma Gangrenosum
3 mins
Klebsiella Disease
Signs and Symptoms
Aspiration Pneumonia
Alcoholics
Diabetics
Red Currant Jelly Sputum
Lung Abscess
Nosocomial Urinary Tract Infection
2 mins
Salmonella Enterica Spp.
Characteristics
Animal and Human Reservoir
Poultry and Eggs
Turtles
PMN Immune Response
Symptoms
Gastroenteritis
Diarrhea
Possibly Bloody
Treatments
No Antibiotics
No Vaccine Available
2 mins
Campylobacter jejuni
Characteristics
Gram-Negative
Bacillus
Flagella
Curved
Corkscrew Appearance
Oxidase-Positive
Grows Well at 42 Degrees
Undercooked Meat
Unpasteurized Milk
Animals with Diarrhea
Signs and Symptoms
Bloody Diarrhea
Guillain-Barre syndrome
Reactive Arthritis
3 mins
E. coli Overview
Characteristics
Gram-Negative
Bacillus
Purple Colony with Metallic Green Sheen
Lactose-Fermenting
Pink on MacConkey Agar
Disease
Diarrhea
Lipid A Septic Shock
P Pili Pyelonephritis and Cystitis
K Capsule Neonatal Meningitis
K Capsule Pneumonia
H Antigen Flagella
2 mins
Enterohemorrhagic E. Coli (EHEC)
Characteristics
O157:H7
Non-Sorbitol Fermenting
Hamburger Meat
Produces Shiga-like Toxin
Gram-negative
Lysogeny
Inactivates 60S Ribosome
Disease
Bloody Diarrhea
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS)
Hemolytic Anemia
Acute Renal Failure
Thrombocytopenia
2 mins
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