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me Shared "Repro-L" - 25 Picmonics

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Repro-L

Turner Syndrome
Signs and Symptoms
Female (XO)
Short stature
Shield Chest
Cystic Hygroma (Webbing of Neck)
Lymphedema in Hands and Feet
Ovarian Dysgenesis
Streak Ovary
Decreased Estrogen
Increased FSH
Increased LH
Dysgerminoma
Bicuspid Aortic Valve
Preductal Coarctation of the Aorta
Horseshoe Kidney
Menopause before Menarche
Amenorrhea
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5 mins
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) Symptoms and Diagnosis
Symptoms
Most Common Cause of Infertility in Women
Amenorrhea
Acne
Hirsutism
Obesity
Diagnosis
Enlarged, Cystic Ovaries
LH:FSH Ratio of 3:1
"String of Pearls" on Ultrasound
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1 min
Granulosa Cell Tumor
Granulosa Cells
Non-germ cell tumor
Endometrial Carcinoma
Call-Exner bodies
Estrogen producing
Precocious Puberty
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43 secs
Endometriosis Characteristics
Endometrial Tissue Outside of Uterus
Glands and Stroma
Most Common in Ovary, Pelvis, Peritoneum and Bowels
"Chocolate Cyst" in Ovary
Adenomyosis
Theories
Retrograde Flow
Metaplastic Transformation
Mullerianosis
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2 mins
Krukenberg Tumor
Non-germ Cell Tumor
Lymphatic Spread to Ovaries
Metastasis
GI Malignancy
Mucin-secreting Signet Cell
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34 secs
Yolk Sac Tumor
Germ-cell tumor
AFP
Aggressive Malignancy
Yellow, Friable Solid
Schiller-Duval Bodies
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43 secs
Dysgerminoma
Germ-cell tumor
Most Common Malignant Germ Cell Tumor
Uniform Cells
Fried Egg Cells
hCG
LDH
Seminoma-like
Turner Syndrome
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2 mins
Ovarian Cystadenocarcinoma
Non-germ Cell Tumor
Mucinous
Peritoneal Spread
Serous
Psammoma Bodies
Bilateral
Malignant
Stromal Invasion
CA 125
BRCA-1 and Lynch Syndrome
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1 min
Brenner Tumor
Pathophysiology
Non-germ cell tumor
Transitional epithelium
Benign and unilateral
Coffee bean nuclei
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2 mins
Fibromas
Non-germ cell tumor
Meigs Syndrome
Thecoma
Pulling sensation in groin
Spindle-shaped fibroblasts
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44 secs
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) Mechanism
Mechanism
Hyperinsulinemia Increases GnRH Pulse Frequency
Large Increase in LH
Small Decrease in FSH
Increased Androgen Production From Theca-Lutein Cells
Decreased Steroid Hormone-Binding-Globulin (SHBG) Causes Increased Free Testosterone
Obese Patients Have Increased Estrogen
Increased Risk of Endometrial Cancer
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2 mins
Ectopic Pregnancy
Signs and Symptoms
Lower Abdominal Pain
Delayed Menses
Abnormal Vaginal Bleeding
Shock
Referred Shoulder Pain
Cullen Sign
Considerations
Methotrexate
Surgery
RhoGAM
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2 mins
Choriocarcinoma
Germ-cell tumor
Trophoblastic tissue
Hematogenous spread to lungs
Malignant
Theca-lutein cysts
Hydatidiform Mole
hCG
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59 secs
Kallman Syndrome
Mutation in KAL-1 or FGFR-1 Gene
Failure of GnRH Secreting Neurons
Delayed Puberty
Anosmia
Hypogonadism
Infertility
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2 mins
Ovulatory Hormones II - Luteal Phase
Days 15-28
Corpus Luteum
Secretes Progesterone
Negative Feedback inhibits FSH and LH
No pregnancy forms Corpus Albicans
Stops Estrogen Secretion
Endometrial Sloughing - Menses
GnRH secretion produces new follicular phase
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2 mins
Ovulatory Hormones I - Follicular Phase
Characteristics
0-14 Days
GnRH Stimulates FSH and LH
Follicle Secretes Estrogen
Negative Feedback from Estrogen
Increased Estrogen Leads to Positive Feedback
FSH and LH Surge
LH Spike Leads to Ovulation
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2 mins
Branchial Pouches: 4th Pouch
Separates into Dorsal and Ventral Wings
Dorsal Wings
Superior Parathyroid Glands
Ventral Wings
Parafollicular (C) Cells of Thyroid Gland
Formed by Endoderm
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1 min
Branchial Pouches: 3rd Pouch
Separates into Dorsal and Ventral Wings
Dorsal Wings
Inferior Parathyroid Glands
Ventral Wings
Thymus
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1 min
Branchial Pouches: 2nd Pouch
Palatine Tonsils
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38 secs
Branchial Pouches: 1st Pouch
Endoderm Lines the Auditory Tube
Middle Ear Cavity
Eustachian Tube
Mastoid Air Cells
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1 min

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