Meningitis Assessment
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Fever
- Nuchal Rigidity
- Severe Headache
- Purpura
- Seizures
- Photophobia
- Opisthotonus Position
- High-Pitched Cry
- Bulging Fontanel
Meningitis Interventions
- IV Antibiotics
- Dexamethasone
- Analgesics
- Antipyretics
- Closely Monitor for Increased ICP
- Bed Rest
- Preventative Vaccinations
- Droplet-Airborne Precautions
Common Causes of Meningitis: Newborn (0-6 Months)
- Group B Streptococci
- E. coli
- Listeria monocytogenes
Common Causes of Meningitis: Children (6 Months - 6 Years)
- Enteroviruses
- Neisseria meningitidis
- Haemophilus influenzae Type B
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
Common Causes of Meningitis: Adolescent and Adult (6 - 60 Years Old)
- Enteroviruses
- Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)
- Neisseria meningitidis (#1 Cause in Teens)
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
Common Causes of Meningitis: Elderly (60+ Years Old)
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
- Gram-Negative Rods
- Listeria Monocytogenes
Mucor and Rhizopus
- Fungi
- Irregular Non-septate Hyphae
- Branching Wide Angles over 90 degrees
- Leukemic Patients
- Proliferate due to excess ketones and glucose
- Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)
- Rhinocerebral frontal lobe abscess
- Penetrate cribriform plate into brain
- Black Necrotic Eschars on Face
Naegleria Fowleri
- Protozoa
- Rapidly Fatal Meningoencephalitis
- Swimming in Freshwater Lakes
- Travels Through Cribriform Plate
- Amoebas in CSF
- Amphotericin B
- Death is Still Common
Herpes Zoster (Shingles)
- Varicella-Zoster Virus
- Linear, Unilateral Rash Along a Dermatome
- Pruritus
- Postherpetic Neuralgia
- Acyclovir
- Analgesics
- Gabapentin
- Contagious Vesicles
- Shingrix