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Branchial Pouches: 4th Pouch

Branchial Pouch with (4) Fork

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The branchial pouches are found on the endodermal side of the branchial (pharyngeal) apparatus. The 4th branchial (pharyngeal) pouch contains two areas: the dorsal and ventral wings. The dorsal wings develop into the superior parathyroid glands, while the ventral wings develop into the ultimobranchial body and parafollicular C cells.

6 KEY FACTS

The 4th pouch contains two wings; the dorsal and ventral wings. Each set of wings develops into a different structure.

The dorsal wings of the 4th branchial pouch form the superior parathyroid glands.

The superior parathyroid glands are formed from the dorsal wing of the 4th branchial pouch. This gland produces parathyroid hormone, which helps regulate calcium levels in the body.

The ventral wings of the 4th branchial pouch form the ultimobranchial body, which gets integrated into the thymus. From here, it induces formation of parafollicular cells or (C) cells for the production of calcitonin.

The parafollicular cells, or C-cells, produce calcitonin and are formed due to the ultimobranchial body. The ultimobranchial body first gets integrated into the thymus after differentiation from the ventral swellings of the 4th pouch. The ultimobranchial body then begins signaling and induces the migration and differentiation of nearby endoderm into parafollicular (C) cells.

The ultimobranchial body begins signaling, which induces the migration and differentiation of nearby endoderm into parafollicular (C) cells.

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