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Medicine (MD/DO)
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First Aid
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First Aid for the USMLE Step 1 (2020)
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First Aid for the USMLE Step 1 (2020) | Medicine (MD/DO) School Study Aid

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5 Picmonics to Learn | 12 mins
DNA Base Pairing
Characteristics
3' End
5' End
Antiparallel Base Pairing
Complementary Strands Pair
Thymine And Adenine Pair
2 Hydrogen Bonds
Adenine and Uracil Pair in RNA
Guanine And Cytosine Pair
3 Hydrogen Bonds
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3 mins
Codon Overview
Characteristics
mRNA Read In Three Nucleotide Chunks
AUG Is Start Codon
Matching tRNA Anticodon
Amino Acid Specific (To Codon)
AUG Codes For Methionine
UAA, UAG And UGA Are Termination Codons
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2 mins
Lynch Syndrome (Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer)
Characteristics
Autosomal Dominant
Defective DNA Mismatch Repair
80% Risk of Colon Cancer Development
Proximal (Right) Colon
Type II associated with Endometrial, Ovarian and Skin Cancers
3-2-1 Rule
3 Relatives with Colon Cancer
Occurs Across 2 Generations
1 Relative Diagnosed < 50 Years Old
Treatment
Frequent Screening
Colectomy
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3 mins
Ataxia Telangiectasia
Pathophysiology
Autosomal Recessive
ATM Gene
Defect in DNA repair
Signs & Symptoms
Cerebellar defects
Spider Angiomas
Sensitive to Radiation
Defective Tumor Suppressor Gene
Increased risk of Cancer, Leukemias, and Lymphomas
Increased AFP levels
IgA deficiency
Repeated sinopulmonary infections
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2 mins
Xeroderma Pigmentosum
Pathophysiology
Defective Nucleotide Excision Repair
Pyrimidine Dimer Accumulation
Autosomal Recessive
Susceptible to UVA and UVB Rays
Presentation
Actinic Keratosis
Neurodegeneration
Photosensitivity
Corneal Ulcers
Hyperpigmented Lentigines
Considerations
Increased Risk of Skin Cancer
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3 mins

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