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Medicine (MD/DO)
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First Aid
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First Aid for the USMLE Step 1 (2020)
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First Aid for the USMLE Step 1 (2020) | Medicine (MD/DO) School Study Aid

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9 Picmonics to Learn | 18 mins
Epstein Barr Virus
Characteristics
Herpesvirus 4
Double Stranded DNA
Linear
Enveloped
Signs and Symptoms
Infectious Mononucleosis
Virus Attaches to CD21 in B Cells
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Burkitt's Lymphoma
Hodgkin's Lymphoma
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1 min
Hepatitis B Virus Characteristics
Hepadnavirus
Enveloped
Circular
Partially Double-stranded DNA
Has Reverse Transcriptase
IV Drug Use
Sex
Maternal Fetal Routes
3 Month Incubation Period
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2 mins
Hepatitis C
Characteristics
Enveloped
RNA Virus
Flavivirus
Icosahedral
SS positive Linear
Clinical Features
Most Cases are Due to IV Drug Use
Turns to Chronic Hepatitis in Over 70% of Cases
Cirrhosis
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Most Common Indication for Liver Transplantation
Associated With Type I MPGN
Porphyria Cutanea Tarda
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2 mins
Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
Characteristics
Non-enveloped
Circular
Double Stranded DNA
Disease
Warts 1, 2, 6, 11
Condyloma acuminata
Type 16, 18
Cervical Carcinoma
Penile Carcinoma
AIDS/Immunocompromised
Worsened by Smoking
Diagnosis
Koilocytic change in squamous epithelium
Pyknotic Nuclei Surrounded by Clear Halo
Treatment
Vaccine Available
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4 mins
Helicobacter Pylori
Characteristics
Gram-Negative
Bacilli
Curved
Polar Flagellum
Catalase-Positive
Oxidase-Positive
Disease
Gastric and Duodenal Ulcers
Ammonia
Neutral Environment
Gastric Adenocarcinoma
MALT lymphoma
Diagnosis
Serology IgG antibody
Stool Antigen
Urease Positive Breath Test
Biopsy
Treatment
2 ABX and PPI
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2 mins
Adult T Cell Lymphoma
Caused by HTLV 1
Japan, West Africa, Caribbean
Present with cutaneous lesions
Aggressive
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1 min
Clonorchis Sinensis
Pathophysiology
Trematode (Fluke)
Undercooked Fish
Biliary Tract Inflammation
Pigmented Gallstones
Associated with Cholangiocarcinoma
Treatment
Praziquantel
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1 min
Schistosoma
Pathophysiology
Trematode (Fluke)
Snail-infested Water
Intense Immune Response
Intestinal Disease
Hepatosplenic Granuloma
Squamous Cell Cancer of the Bladder
Diagnosis
Parasitic Antigens via ELISA
Treatment
Praziquantel
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2 mins
Kaposi Sarcoma
Characteristics
Malignant Vascular Tumor
Human Herpesvirus Type 8 (HHV-8)
AIDS/Immunocompromised
CD4+ < 500
Presentation
Multifocal Purple Lesions
Skin
Mucous Membranes
Visceral Organs
Diagnosis
Spindle-shaped Cells
Management
Observation
Chemotherapy
Treat Underlying Disorder
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3 mins

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