Mesenteric Ischemia
- Severe Abdominal Pain
- Bloody Diarrhea
- Metabolic Acidosis
- Increased WBC
- Increased Lactate (Lactic Acid)
- X-ray
- Air Within Bowel Wall
- CT Angiography
- Bowel Wall Edema
- Antibiotics
- Emergent Surgical Intervention
Intestinal Obstruction
- Severe Abdominal Pain
- Vomiting
- High Pitched Bowel Sounds
- Abdominal Distention
- Increased Peristalsis
- Absent Bowel Sounds
- Paralytic Ileus
Types of Intestinal Obstruction
- Adhesions
- Hernia
- Volvulus
- Intussusception
- Tumor
- Mesenteric Artery Occlusion
- Spinal Injury
- Paralytic Ileus
Necrotizing Fasciitis Pathophysiology and Characteristics
- Bacterial Infection of Muscle Fascia and Subcutaneous Fat
- Polymicrobial or Monomicrobial
- Polymicrobial: Anaerobe + Gram Negative Enterobacteriaceae
- Monomicrobial: Group A Streptococcus or Staph Aureus
- Edema Extending Beyond Erythema
- Crepitus
- Pain Out of Proportion (POOP)
- Anesthesia Over Affected Area (Late Finding)
Necrotizing Fasciitis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Usually a Clinical Diagnosis
- Soft Tissue Gas On CT
- Emergent Surgical Debridement
- Vasopressors and Fluids
- IV Immune Globulin If Strep Toxic Shock Syndrome
- Carbapenem Or Piperacillin-Tazobactam
- PLUS Clindamycin
- PLUS MRSA Coverage
Necrotizing Enterocolitis Diagnosis and Management
- Complete Blood Count (CBC)
- Blood Cultures
- Pneumatosis Intestinalis
- Increased Bowel Wall Thickness
- NPO with NG Tube to Suction
- Broad Spectrum Antibiotics
- Surgery
Necrotizing Enterocolitis Characteristics and Clinical Features
- Bowel Wall Inflammation
- Prematurity
- Failure to Thrive
- Vomiting
- Rectal Bleeding
- GI Perforation
- Peritonitis
- Sepsis and Shock
Chronic Mesenteric Ischemia
- Intestinal Angina
- Atherosclerosis
- Celiac Artery
- Superior Mesenteric Artery
- Inferior Mesenteric Artery
- Postprandial Epigastric Pain
- Weight Loss
- Angiography
- Anticoagulation
- Surgery