Ace Your First Aid for the USMLE Step 2 CK (10th Ed.) Classes and Exams with Picmonic: #1 Visual Mnemonic Study Tool for Medicine (MD/DO) Students
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First Aid for the USMLE Step 2 CK (10th Ed.) | Medicine (MD/DO) School Study Aid
Long-acting Benzodiazepines
- Drug Names
- Lorazepam
- Diazepam
- Clonazepam
- Chlordiazepoxide
- Indications
- Insomnia
- Anxiety
- Seizures
- Eclampsia
- Alcohol Withdrawal
- Considerations
- Half-life > 24 Hours
- Dependence
3 mins
Cyanide Poisoning: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestation
- Pathophysiology
- Inhibits Complex IV of Oxidative Phosphorylation
- Forces Cells Into Anaerobic Metabolism
- Presentation
- Exposure to Fire Fumes
- Industrial Exposure
- Headache and Confusion
- Arrhythmias
- "Cherry Red" Skin
- Almond Breath/Taste
- Acute Renal Failure
4 mins
Cyanide Poisoning Diagnosis and Treatment
- Lab Findings
- Lactic Acidosis
- Elevated Venous PO2
- Check Carboxyhemoglobin
- Management
- Sodium Nitrate PLUS Sodium Thiosulfate
- Methemoglobinemia
- OR Hydroxocobalamin (First Line)
4 mins
Nitroprusside
- Mechanism of Action
- Direct Release of NO
- Increase cGMP
- Short Half-Life
- Indications
- Malignant Hypertension
- Side Effect
- Cyanide Toxicity
1 min
Arsenic, Gold and Copper Antidotes
- Toxic Metals
- Arsenic
- Gold
- Copper
- Antidotes
- Penicillamine
- Dimercaprol (BAL)
- Succimer
2 mins
Benzodiazepine Antidote
- Antidote
- Flumazenil
40 secs
Acetaminophen Antidote
- Antidote
- N-Acetylcysteine
33 secs
Amphetamine Antidote
- Antidote
- Ammonium Chloride (NH4Cl)
- Acidify Urine
34 secs
Antimuscarinic Antidote
- Antidote
- Physostigmine Salicylate
44 secs
Iron Antidote
- Antidote
- DeFEroxamine
23 secs
Opioid Antidote
- Antidote
- Naloxone
29 secs
Lead Antidotes
- Antidotes
- Dimercaprol
- CaEDTA
- Succimer
39 secs
Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor Antidote
- Antidote
- Atropine
- Pralidoxime
1 min
Beta Blocker Antidote
- Antidote
- Glucagon
29 secs
Tricyclic Antidepressant (TCA) Antidote
- Antidote
- Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO3)
27 secs
Activated Charcoal (Actidose)
- Mechanism
- Binds to Toxins
- Indications
- Ingested Poison
- Side Effects
- Black Stool
- GI Distress
- Considerations
- Give As Soon As Possible
- Via Mouth or NG Tube
- Gastric Lavage
- Do Not Administer with Antidotes
2 mins
Acetaminophen
- Indications
- Fever
- Pain
- Mechanism of Action
- Reversibly Inhibits COX
- Acts Primarily in CNS
- Side Effect
- Hepatic Necrosis
- N-acetylcysteine Antidote
51 secs
Alteplase
- Mechanism
- Tissue Plasminogen Activator
- Indications
- Thrombosis
- Side Effects
- Bleeding
- Contraindications
- Intracranial Hemorrhage
- Internal Hemorrhaging
- Considerations
- Minimize Bleeding
- Monitor for Shock
- Antidote
- Aminocaproic Acid
2 mins
Warfarin Antidotes
- Antidotes
- Vitamin K
- Fresh Frozen Plasma
59 secs
Methemoglobinemia Diagnosis and Management
- Clinical Features
- Cyanosis
- Respiratory Distress
- Headache
- Lethargy
- Diagnosis
- "Chocolate-colored Blood"
- Decreased Oxygen Saturation
- Normal Partial Pressure of Arterial O2 (PaO2)
- Management
- Identify Triggers
- Methylene Blue
- Vitamin C
- Exchange Transfusion
3 mins
Acute Carbon Monoxide Toxicity Characteristics and Presentation
- Characteristics
- Carboxyhemoglobin
- Decreases Hemoglobin's Oxygen Carrying Capacity
- Increases Hemoglobin's Oxygen Affinity
- Anaerobic Metabolism
- Etiologies
- Vehicle Exhaust
- House Fires
- Clinical Features
- Altered Mental Status
- Headache
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Dyspnea
- "Cherry Red" Skin
- Associations
- Cyanide Toxicity
2 mins
