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Pathology | Nurse Practitioner (NP) School Study Aid
Acanthosis Nigricans
- Associations
- Endocrine Disorders
- Diabetes Mellitus
- Obesity
- Malignancy
- Presentation
- Velvety Plaques
- Dark, Thickened Flexural Areas
- Diagnosis
- Hyperkeratosis with Melanocytes
- Treatment
- Treat Underlying Disorder
2 mins
Vitiligo
- Pathophysiology
- Autoimmune Destruction of Melanocytes
- Presentation
- Hypopigmentation
- Acral Areas and Around Orifices
- Diagnosis
- Clinical Presentation + Woods Lamp
- Risk Factors
- Other Autoimmune Diseases
- Treatment
- Glucocorticoids
- Tacrolimus
- Phototherapy
2 mins
Scabies
- Pathophysiology
- Sarcoptes Scabiei Mite
- Signs & Symptoms
- Pruritus
- Papules with Burrows
- Webs of Fingers and Toes
- Axilla and Nipples
- Diagnosis
- Skin Scraping
- Dermoscopy
- Mites and Eggs on Magnification
- Treatment
- Permethrin Cream
- Oral Ivermectin
- Lindane Cream
- Considerations
- Wash All Linens In Hot Water
3 mins
Pityriasis Rosea
- Preceded by Upper Respiratory Tract Infection
- Single "Herald Patch"
- "Christmas Tree" Distribution
- Plaques with Collarette Scale
- Self-resolving in 6-8 Weeks
2 mins
Lichen Planus
- Pathophysiology
- Mucocutaneous Disorder
- 30-60 year olds
- Signs & Symptoms
- Pruritic
- Plaques or Papules
- Purple & Polygonal
- Often Mucosal or Genital Involvement
- Wickham Striae
- Diagnosis
- Biopsy
- Sawtooth Infiltrate of Lymphocytes
- Treatment
- Topical Corticosteroids
- Considerations
- Hepatitis C Association
2 mins
Erythema Nodosum
- Pathophysiology
- Panniculitis
- Painful Inflammation
- Subcutaneous Fat
- Anterior Shins
- Risk Factors
- Coccidioidomycosis
- Pregnancy or OCP Use
- Crohn's Disease
- Tuberculosis (TB)
- Histoplasmosis
- Sarcoidosis
- Ulcerative Colitis
2 mins
Psoriasis
- Presentation
- Epidermal Hyperproliferation Keratinocytes
- Defined Red Salmon Plaques
- Silvery Scales
- Extensor Surfaces
- Bleeding when Removed
- Auspitz Sign
- Pruritus
- Nail Changes
- Histological Finding
- Munro Microabscesses
- Nucleated Cells in Stratum Corneum
- Treatment
- Retinoids
- Topical Corticosteroids
- Tar
- Immunosuppressants
2 mins
Atopic Dermatitis / Eczema
- Presentation
- Pruritic Vesicles
- Inflammatory Skin Rash
- Cheeks in Children
- Skin Flexural Areas
- Associated with Asthma and Allergic Rhinitis
- Treatment
- Tacrolimus
- Moisturizers
- Corticosteroids
- Phototherapy
- Avoid Triggers
- Antihistamines
2 mins
Actinic Keratosis
- Sun Exposure
- Papules or Plaques
- Small, Rough
- Erythematous
- Precursor to Squamous Cell Carcinoma
53 secs
Rosacea
- Characteristics
- Episodes Provoked by Alcohol, Heat, or Emotions
- Erythematotelangiectatic Rosacea
- Facial Flushing and Telangiectasias
- Sun Protection
- Topical Brimonidine
- Papulopustular Rosacea
- Papules and Pustules
- Topical Metronidazole
- Phymatous Rosacea
- Rhinophyma
- Laser Ablation
- Considerations
- Avoid Triggers
2 mins
Necrotizing Fasciitis Pathophysiology and Characteristics
- Bacterial Infection of Muscle Fascia and Subcutaneous Fat
- Polymicrobial or Monomicrobial
- Polymicrobial: Anaerobe + Gram Negative Enterobacteriaceae
- Monomicrobial: Group A Streptococcus or Staph Aureus
- Clinical Manifestations
- Edema Extending Beyond Erythema
- Crepitus
- Pain Out of Proportion (POOP)
- Anesthesia Over Affected Area (Late Finding)
5 mins
Melanocytic Nevus
- Characteristics
- Benign Tumor of Melanocytes
- Nested Proliferations at Dermal-Epidermal Junction
- Junctional
- Intradermal
- Risk Factors
- Genetics
- Childhood Sun Exposure
- Considerations
- Melanoma
2 mins
Necrotizing Fasciitis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Diagnosis/Workup
- Usually a Clinical Diagnosis
- Soft Tissue Gas On CT
- Management
- Emergent Surgical Debridement
- Vasopressors and Fluids
- IV Immune Globulin If Strep Toxic Shock Syndrome
- Antibiotic Regimen
- Carbapenem Or Piperacillin-Tazobactam
- PLUS Clindamycin
- PLUS MRSA Coverage
4 mins
Acne Vulgaris Presentation and Pathophysiology
- Presentation
- Papules/Comedones in Mild Cases
- Blackheads Open, Whiteheads Closed
- Pustules in Mild-Moderate Cases
- Nodules/Cysts in Severe Cases
- Pathophysiology
- Inflammation at Hair Follicle/Sebaceous Gland
- Increased Androgens
- Colonization by Cutibacterium Acnes
3 mins
Tinea (Dermatophytes): General Characteristics And Management
- Fungal Cutaneous Infection
- Organisms
- Trichophyton
- Microsporum
- Epidermophyton
- Clinical Features
- Pruritic Rash
- Segmented Hyphae On KOH
- Management
- Topical Azole
- Terbinafine For Tinea Unguium (Nails)
2 mins
Verrucae
- Warts
- Characteristics
- Papillary Cauliflower Like Growths
- Low-Risk Human Papillomavirus
- Epidermal Hyperplasia and Hyperkeratosis
- Koilocytes
- Management
- No Treatment Needed
- Topical Salicylic Acid
- Cryotherapy
2 mins
Erythema Multiforme
- Pathogenesis
- Type IV Hypersensitivity Reaction
- HSV
- Mycoplasma Pneumoniae
- Drugs
- Characteristics
- Targetoid Lesions
- Symmetrical Distribution
- EM Minor: Mild Symptoms
- EM Major: Mucosal Involvement
- Self-Limiting
2 mins
Raynaud Phenomenon Characteristics and Presentation
- Characteristics
- Stress-induced Vasospasm
- Primary Type
- Primary Raynaud Phenomenon
- Idiopathic
- Reversible
- Symmetric
- Secondary Type
- Secondary Raynaud Phenomenon
- Autoimmune Diseases
- Drugs
- Severe Pain
- Presentation
- Ischemic Phase
- Hypoxic Phase
- Hyperemic Phase
2 mins
Raynaud Phenomenon Diagnosis and Management
- Diagnosis
- Nailfold Capillary Microscopy
- Complete Blood Count (CBC)
- Antibody Testing
- Management
- Avoid Triggers
- Smoking Cessation
- Nifedipine
- Topical Nitroglycerin
2 mins
Impetigo
- Pathophysiology
- Transmission
- Incubation
- Signs & Symptoms
- Non-Bullous
- Bullous
- Diagnosis
- Clinical Presentation
- Treatment
- Antibiotics
- Prevention
- Hygiene
- Return to Work or School
- Complications
- Post-streptococcal Glomerulonephritis
- Rheumatic Fever
- Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome
2 mins
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