Brunner & Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing, 13th Ed., Hinkle & Cheever | Registered Nurse (RN) School Study Aid
Hypertension Assessment
- Essential Hypertension
- Secondary Hypertension
- Headache
- Vision Changes
- Nosebleed (Epistaxis)
- Chest Pain
- Syncope (Fainting)
- Average 2 Sets, 2 Minutes Apart
- After 2 or More Visits (within 1-4 weeks)
- Take BP Both Arms
- Common in African Americans
Hypertension Intervention
- Weight Reduction and Exercise
- Diet Changes
- Relaxation Techniques
- Smoking Cessation
- Medications
- Encourage Self Monitoring
Calcium Channel Blockers (Verapamil and Diltiazem)
- Slows AV Conduction
- Angina Pectoris
- Arrhythmias
- Essential Hypertension
- Bradycardia
- Hypotension
- Constipation
- Peripheral Edema
- Gingival Hyperplasia
- Medication Education
Beta Blockers
- "-olol" suffix
- Decreases Heart Rate and Contractility
- Decreases Peripheral Vascular Resistance
- Decreases Renin Release
- Hypertension
- Heart Failure
- Angina Pectoris
- Asthma and Heart Block Patients
- Assess Blood Pressure and Heart Rate
- Masking Signs of Hypoglycemia
- Do Not Stop Abruptly
Hydralazine (Apresoline)
- Severe Hypertension
- CHF
- Reduced Afterload
- Pregnancy
- Vasodilates Arterioles
- Drug-induced Lupus
- Reflex Tachycardia
- Hypotension
- Combined with Diuretic and Beta Blocker
Hypertension Medications
- Diuretics
- ACE Inhibitors
- Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs)
- Beta Blockers
- Dihydropyridine Calcium Channel Blockers
Minoxidil (Loniten, Rogaine)
- Vasodilates Arterioles
- Severe Hypertension
- Baldness
- Reflex Tachycardia
- Blood Volume Expansion
- Hypertrichosis
- Pericardial Effusion
- Rash
- Give with Beta Blocker and Diuretic
Prazosin (Minipress)
- -osin suffix
- Selective Alpha-1 Receptor Blocker
- Hypertension
- Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
- Nightmares
- Orthostatic Hypotension
- Tachycardia
- Priapism / Inhibition of Ejaculation
- Nasal Congestion
- First Dose Effect
- Administer at Bedtime
Sodium Nitroprusside (Nitropress)
- Venous and Arterial Dilation
- Hypertensive Crisis
- Cyanide Toxicity
- Thiocyanate Toxicity
- Hypotension
- Short Term Administration
- Light Sensitive, Use Container
- Continuous BP Monitoring
Hydrochlorothiazide HCTZ
- Inhibits Reabsorption NaCl and H2O
- Edema
- Mild to Moderate Hypertension
- Hypokalemia
- Hyponatremia
- Dehydration
- Hyperglycemia
- Gout
- Sulfa Allergy
- Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
Loop Diuretic Education
- Furosemide (Lasix)
- Heart Failure
- Pulmonary Edema
- Acute Renal Failure (ARF)
- Edema
- Notify the provider of weakness, dizziness, or muscle cramping
- Increase Potassium Intake
- Check BP Daily
- Daily Weights and Monitor IandOs
Loop Diuretics
- Thick Ascending Limb of Loop of Henle
- Inhibits Na+-K+-2Cl-
- Sulfa Drug
- Furosemide
- Lasix
- Ototoxicity from Rapid Injection
- Gout
- Dehydration
- Hypocalcemia
- Hypokalemia
- Orthostatic Hypotension
Spironolactone (Aldactone)
- Inhibition of Aldosterone
- Potassium Retention
- Hypertension
- Edema
- Heart Failure
- Hyperkalemia
- Endocrine Effects
- Avoid Potassium Supplements
High Blood Pressure Response
- Atria Release Atrial Natriuretic Peptide
- Vasodilation
- Antagonizes Aldosterone
- Na+ and Water Excreted