Medical-Surgical Nursing, 9th Ed., Lewis, Dirksen, Heitkemper & Bucher | Registered Nurse (RN) School Study Aid
High Blood Pressure Response
- Atria Release Atrial Natriuretic Peptide
- Vasodilation
- Antagonizes Aldosterone
- Na+ and Water Excreted
Low Blood Pressure Response
- Posterior Pituitary Releases Vasopressin
- Vasoconstriction
- Adrenal Cortex Releases Aldosterone
- Increased Na+ and H2O Reabsorption
Alpha 1 Receptor
- Gq Subunit
- Increase Vascular Smooth Muscle Contraction
- Increase Pupillary Dilator Muscle Contraction
- Increase Intestinal and Bladder Sphincter Muscle Contraction
Alpha 2 Receptor
- Gi Subunit
- Decrease Sympathetic Outflow
- Decrease Insulin Release
- Decrease Lipolysis
- Increase Platelet Aggregation
- Decrease Aqueous Humor Production
Beta-1 Receptor
- Gs Protein Class
- Increased Heart Rate
- Increased Contractility
- Increase Renin Release
- Increased Lipolysis
Beta-2 Receptor
- Gs protein class
- Increased Heart Rate
- Increased Contractility
- Increased Lipolysis
- Increased Insulin
- Increased Aqueous Humor Production
- Ciliary Muscle Relaxation
- Vasodilation
- Bronchodilation
- Decrease Uterine Tone
Hypertension Assessment
- Essential Hypertension
- Secondary Hypertension
- Headache
- Vision Changes
- Nosebleed (Epistaxis)
- Chest Pain
- Syncope (Fainting)
- Average 2 Sets, 2 Minutes Apart
- After 2 or More Visits (within 1-4 weeks)
- Take BP Both Arms
- Common in African Americans
Hypertension Intervention
- Weight Reduction and Exercise
- Diet Changes
- Relaxation Techniques
- Smoking Cessation
- Medications
- Encourage Self Monitoring
Hypertension Medications
- Diuretics
- ACE Inhibitors
- Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs)
- Beta Blockers
- Dihydropyridine Calcium Channel Blockers
Beta Blockers
- "-olol" suffix
- Decreases Heart Rate and Contractility
- Decreases Peripheral Vascular Resistance
- Decreases Renin Release
- Hypertension
- Heart Failure
- Angina Pectoris
- Asthma and Heart Block Patients
- Assess Blood Pressure and Heart Rate
- Masking Signs of Hypoglycemia
- Do Not Stop Abruptly
Hydrochlorothiazide HCTZ
- Inhibits Reabsorption NaCl and H2O
- Edema
- Mild to Moderate Hypertension
- Hypokalemia
- Hyponatremia
- Dehydration
- Hyperglycemia
- Gout
- Sulfa Allergy
- Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
Ethacrynic Acid
- Non-sulfa Drug
- Phenoxyacetic Acid Derivative
- Loop Diuretic
- Inhibits Na+-K+-2Cl- Cotransporter
- Thick Ascending Loop of Henle
- Diuresis
- Hypokalemia
- Ototoxicity
- Gout
Nitroglycerin
- Decreases Preload
- Angina
- Up to 3 doses q 5 mins
- Headache
- Hypotension
- Viagra (Sildenafil)
- Assess Blood Pressure
- Protect From Light
- Use Glass Bottle and Special Tubing
- Gloves for Applying Topically
Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs)
- Ends in "-sartan"
- Blocks Angiotensin II Receptor
- Hypertension
- Angioedema
- Renal Artery Stenosis
- Pregnancy
Minoxidil (Loniten, Rogaine)
- Vasodilates Arterioles
- Severe Hypertension
- Baldness
- Reflex Tachycardia
- Blood Volume Expansion
- Hypertrichosis
- Pericardial Effusion
- Rash
- Give with Beta Blocker and Diuretic
Prazosin (Minipress)
- -osin suffix
- Selective Alpha-1 Receptor Blocker
- Hypertension
- Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
- Nightmares
- Orthostatic Hypotension
- Tachycardia
- Priapism / Inhibition of Ejaculation
- Nasal Congestion
- First Dose Effect
- Administer at Bedtime
Hydralazine (Apresoline)
- Severe Hypertension
- CHF
- Reduced Afterload
- Pregnancy
- Vasodilates Arterioles
- Drug-induced Lupus
- Reflex Tachycardia
- Hypotension
- Combined with Diuretic and Beta Blocker
Nitroprusside
- Direct Release of NO
- Increase cGMP
- Short Half-Life
- Malignant Hypertension
- Cyanide Toxicity
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor (MAOI) Contraindications
- Wine and Cheese
- Hypertensive Crisis
- Serotonin Drugs
- Serotonin Syndrome
Tyramine Containing Foods
- Aged Cheeses
- Pepperoni
- Pickled Foods
- Wine
Eclampsia
- Increased Central Nervous System Irritability
- Hyperreflexia
- Positive Ankle Clonus
- Headaches
- Visual Disturbances
- Epigastric or RUQ Pain
- Seizures
- Coma
- Don't Leave Bedside
- Magnesium Sulfate
Severe Preeclampsia
- Vasospasm and Decreased Organ Perfusion
- Intravascular Coagulation
- Increased Permeability and Capillary Leakage
- Hypertension
- Proteinuria or End-Organ Dysfunction
- Hepatic Dysfunction and Hemolysis
- Elevated Liver Enzymes
- Low Platelet Counts