Nursing: A Concept-Based Approach to Learning, Volume 1, 3rd Ed. | Registered Nurse (RN) School Study Aid
WBC Differential Lab Value
- White Blood Cells (WBC)
- 5-10 (5,000-10,000)
- Neutrophils (50%-70%)
- Bands (2%-5%)
- Segs (50%-70%)
- Lymphocytes (20%-40%)
- Monocytes (4%-8%)
- Eosinophils (2%-4%)
- Basophils (0.5%-1.5%)
Polycythemia Vera Disease
- JAK2 Mutation leading to increased red blood cells
- Tyrosine Kinase
- Erythromelalgia
- Pruritus
- Often After Hot Shower
- Headache
- Phlebotomy
- Aspirin
Busulfan
- CML
- Bone Marrow Ablation
- Cross-Links DNA
- Myelosuppression
- Pulmonary Fibrosis
- Hyperpigmentation
Bleomycin
- Testicular Cancer
- Hodgkin's Lymphoma
- Induces Free Radical Formation
- Breaks in DNA Strands
- Pulmonary Fibrosis
- Skin Changes
- Mucositis
Methotrexate
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Cancer
- Medical Abortion
- Folic Acid Analog
- Inhibits Dihydrofolate Reductase
- Pulmonary Fibrosis
- Myelosuppression is Treated with Leucovorin Rescue (Folinic Acid)
- Macrocytic Anemia
- Hepatitis
- Teratogenic
- Mucositis
Vincristine (Oncovin)
- Vinca Alkaloid
- Inhibits Microtubules
- Leukemias
- Lymphomas
- Peripheral Neuropathy
- Paralytic Ileus
- Vesicant
Iron (Ferrous Sulfate)
- Ferrous Salts
- Anemia
- GI Distress
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Dark Stools
- Take Between Meals
- Liquid can Stain Teeth
- Keep out of Reach from Children
- Caution with GI Disorders
- Avoid Antacids
Cobalamin (Vitamin B12)
- Vitamin B12
- Vitamin Deficiency
- Pernicious Anemia
- Hypokalemia
- Arthralgia
- Dizziness
- IM Injection for Pernicious Anemia
- Never Give IV
Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)
- Enveloped
- Double Stranded DNA
- Linear
- Type 1 HSV
- Gingivostomatitis
- Keratoconjunctivitis
- Encephalitis of Temporal Lobes
- Latent in Trigeminal Ganglia
- Type 2 HSV
- Genital Vesicles
- Neonatal Herpes
- TORCHES
- Latent in Sacral Ganglia
- Tzanck Test
- Multinucleated Giant Cells
- Cowdry A Inclusions
- Acyclovir
Epstein Barr Virus
- Herpesvirus 4
- Double Stranded DNA
- Linear
- Enveloped
- Infectious Mononucleosis
- Virus Attaches to CD21 in B Cells
- Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
- Burkitt's Lymphoma
- Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Hepatitis B (HBV) Assessment
- Bodily Fluids
- Blood Transmission
- People Who Use IV Drugs
- Variable 1-6 Months
- Fever
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Hepatomegaly
- Cirrhosis
- Hepatocellular Carcinoma
- Vaccination
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Assessment
- Improper Initiation of Clotting Cascade
- Systemic Bleeding
- Petechiae, Purpura, Ecchymosis
- Change in LOC
- Increased PT and PTT
- Cyanosis
- Increased Fibrin Degradation Products (FDP)
- Decreased Platelets and Fibrinogen
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Interventions
- Risk for Shock
- Renal Failure
- Treat Underlying Cause
- Manage Bleeding
- Maintain Fluid and Hemodynamic Balance
- Transfusion
- Oxygenation
- Heparin Drip
Breast Cancer Diagnosis
- Mammography
- Ultrasound
- MRI for High Risk Patients
- Confirmed with Biopsy
- Lymph Node Involvement
- Receptor Positivity
- Estrogen and Progesterone Receptors
- HER-2
Breast Cancer Interventions
- Radiation or Chemotherapy
- Hormonal Therapy
- Tamoxifen
- Lumpectomy
- Mastectomy
- Avoid BP and Injections Affected Arm
- Hand Exercises
- Grief Related to Body Image
- Prosthetics
- Reconstruction
- Lymphedema
Tamoxifen
- Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator (SERM)
- Antagonist on Breast Tissue
- ER-positive Breast Cancer
- Decreased Risk of Osteoporosis
- Increased Risk of Endometrial Cancer
- Increased Risk of Venous Thromboembolism (VTE)
Menopause Lab Findings
- Decreased Estrogen
- Lack of Negative Feedback
- Increased FSH
- Increased LH
- Increased GnRH
- Small Amount of Estrogen From Androgen Conversion
- Increased Androgens = Hirsutism
Esteem
- Fourth Basic Need
- Esteem for Oneself
- Reputation and Respect
Colorectal Cancer Assessment
- 3rd Most Common Cancer
- Change in Bowel Habits
- Bowel Obstruction
- Rectal Bleeding
- Anemia
- Weight Loss
- Ascites
- Colonoscopy
- FOBT and FIT
Colorectal Cancer Interventions
- Surgical Colon Resection
- Radiation
- Chemotherapy
- Bowel Cleansing
- Screening
- Colostomy
- Dietary Consult
- Body Image
Cervical Cancer Screening
- Women Aged 21-65 Years
- Pap Smear Every 3 Years
- Women Aged 30-65 Years
- Can Opt for Co-testing (Pap Smear + HPV Testing) Every 5 Years
- Identify Lesions
- Cryotherapy
- Loop Excision
- Cold Knife Conization
Cervical Cancer Assessment
- Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
- Metrorrhagia
- Leukorrhea
- Pain
- Abnormal Pap Test
- May Be Asymptomatic
- HPV Vaccine
Colostomy Care
- Wash with Warm Water
- Cut 1/8 inch Around Stoma
- Decreases Skin Irritation
- Empty When 1/3 to 1/2 Full
- Change 3-7 Days
- Avoid Odor Causing Foods
- Irrigate at Same Time
Leukemia Assessment
- Immature WBCs
- Recurrent Infections
- Easy Bruising
- Bleeding
- Anemia
- Fatigue
- Weight Loss
- Bone Pain
- May Have Normal or High WBC Count
Leukemia Interventions
- Bone Marrow Aspiration
- X-Rays
- Chemotherapy
- Bleeding Precautions
- Neutropenic Precautions
- Strict Asepsis
- Bone Marrow Transplant
- Blood Transfusions
- Monitor Temperature Elevations
- Adequate Nutrition
- Imatinib (Gleevec) for Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)
Lung Cancer Assessment
- 2nd Most Common Cancer
- Chronic Cough
- Hoarseness
- Abnormal Breath Sounds
- Hemoptysis
- Chest Pain
- Anorexia or Weight Loss
- Symptoms Appear Late in Disease
Prostate Cancer Assessment
- Most Common Cancer in Men
- Mimics BPH
- Metastasis to Back
- Low Back Pain
- Fatigue
- Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA)
- Digital Rectal Examination (DRE)
- Transrectal Ultrasound (TRUS)
- Biopsy
Sickle Cell Anemia Assessment
- Hemoglobin S (Genetic Defect)
- Sickle Shaped RBCs
- Jaundice
- Vaso Occlusive Crisis
- Fever
- Priapism
- Severe Pain
- Prominent in African Americans
- May be Asymptomatic
- Increased Risk of Infection
Sickle Cell Anemia Interventions
- Increase Hydration
- Analgesics
- Oxygen
- Warm Compress
- Bone Marrow Transplant
- Hydroxyurea
- Avoid High Altitudes
- Prophylactic Antibiotics
- Avoid Strenuous Exercise
- Vaccines
Skin Anatomy
- Epidermis
- Keratinocytes
- Melanocytes
- Dendritic Cells
- Merkel Cells
- Dermis
- Sweat Glands
- Hair Follicles
- Sebaceous Glands
- Hypodermis
ABCDEs of Melanoma
- Asymmetry
- Border
- Color
- Diameter
- Evolving