Urinary Excretory Anatomy
- Renal Medulla
- Renal Cortex
- Nephron
- Bowman's Capsule
- Glomerulus
- Proximal Tubule
- Loop of Henle
- Distal Tubule
- Collecting Duct
- Ureter
- Urinary Bladder
- Urethra
Renal Corpuscle
- Arterioles
- Glomerulus
- Capillaries
- Fenestrations
- Plasma Solutes and Other Small Molecules Become Ultrafiltrate
- Bowman's Capsule Encapsulates Glomerulus
BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen) Lab Values
Creatinine Lab Values
- Measures Renal Function
- 0.6 - 1.3 mg/dL
Cardiac Enzyme Evaluation: Myoglobin
- Skeletal or Cardiac Muscle Injury
- Onset: 1 - 4 Hours
- Peak: 12 Hours
- Return to Normal: 24 Hours
- Elevation After 24 Hours: Reinfarction
Chronic Kidney Disease Early Symptoms Assessment
- GFR < 60mL/min
- Accumulation of Waste Products
- General Malaise
- Hypertension
- Proteinuria
- Hyperkalemia
- Mineral and Bone Disorders
- Neuropathy
Chronic Kidney Disease Late Symptoms Assessment
- Metabolic Acidosis
- Severe Uremia
- Arrhythmias
- Edema
- CNS Depression
- Anemia
- Oliguria
- Pruritus
- End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD)
- GFR < 15mL/min
Chronic Kidney Disease Interventions
- Daily Weights
- Strict I/O
- Renal Diet
- Strict Medication Regimen
- Erythropoietin
- Manage Hyperkalemia
- Manage CKD-MBD
- Dialysis
- Kidney Transplant
Dialysis
- Hemodialysis
- Rapid Shifts of Fluid and Electrolytes
- Disequilibrium Syndrome
- Hypotension
- NO BP IN ARM with Shunt or Fistula
- Assess for Thrill and Bruit
- Peritoneal Dialysis
- Slow Process
- Peritonitis
- Loss of Protein
- Hyperglycemia
Kidney Transplant
- End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD)
- Selective Candidacy
- Close Compatibility
- Immunosuppressants
- Monitor for Rejection
- Monitor for Infection
- Monitor Urine Output
Pyelonephritis Assessment
- Ascending Urethral Bacteria
- Dysuria
- Fever
- Fatigue
- Flank Pain
- Costovertebral Tenderness
- Nausea and Vomiting
Pyelonephritis Interventions
- Urinalysis
- NSAIDs
- Antibiotics
- Increase Fluid Intake
- Avoid Catheterization
- Urosepsis
Glomerulonephritis Assessment
- Group A Beta-Hemolytic Streptococcal Infection
- Hypertension
- Hematuria
- Proteinuria
- Oliguria
- Generalized Edema
- Increased BUN and CR
- Flank Pain
Acute Glomerulonephritis Interventions
- Rest
- Restrict Salt and Fluid Intake
- Restrict Protein
- Antihypertensives
- Diuretics
- Antibiotics
Chronic Glomerulonephritis Interventions
- Corticosteroids
- Antihypertensives
- Erythropoietin
- Cytotoxic Agents
- Dialysis
- Plasmapheresis
- Transplant
Prostatitis
- Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis
- Acute Bacterial Prostatitis
- Sexually Transmitted Organisms
- E. Coli Infection
- Flu-Like Symptoms
- Perineal Pain
- Dysuria
- Sexual Dysfunction
- Recurrent UTIs
- Urinalysis
- Tender Boggy Prostate
- Antibiotics
- Chronic Prostatitis