Master Suicide Assessment with Picmonic for Nursing RN

Direct statements such as, “I want to die or you would be better off if I was dead” may indicate a desire to commit suicide.

Subtle comments such as, “Everything will be fine in just a little while or I won’t be a burden to you for much longer” can also be indicative of a suicide plan.

An early warning sign is noting an individual beginning to give away prized possessions, because they are contemplating suicide.

Low serotonin levels are associated with depressed mood. The patient who is beginning to respond to the effectiveness of antidepressant medication will experience a sudden improvement of mood, which gives them the energy and focus to move forward with their suicide plan and act on their ambivalent feelings regarding suicide.

Another behavioral response noted in the suicidal patient is their focus on putting their personal affairs in order, such as organizing finances, making burial/cremation plans, changing wills, etc.

Factors such as the timing, location, and availability to go through with the act contribute to how capable the person is of causing death. The lethality of the plan is paramount in assessing, as it evaluates how quickly the patient would die if the plan was carried out. It is usually classified as high or low risk method.

This refers to the patient having access to carry out the plan. If the patient has the availability of carrying out the proposed method, then the situation is serious, such as having access to a handgun. Patients who are experiencing a psychotic episode are at high risk for completing the suicide act, especially if they have command hallucinations.

A high risk (or hard method) proposed suicide plan would involve the patient using a gun, hanging themselves, jumping from a high place, suffocating with carbon monoxide, or staging a car crash. A lower risk (or soft method) involves slashing the wrists, ingesting pills, or inhaling natural gas.

Patients that are at high risk should be hospitalized in a safe environment.

When the patient is admitted, there needs to be one-on-one monitoring, so that the patient does not injure themselves. Reduce environmental hazards to minimize suicidal behavior (plastic eating utensils, no long cords, belts, shoelaces, nail files, tweezers, matches, razors, tamper-proof windows, locked utility rooms, etc.)

This is also called a “no-harm” contract, which is a written document that the patient agrees to not harm themselves, but to reach out to staff or a suicide crisis line, when suicidal feelings emerge.