Abruptio Placentae
- Premature Separation of Placenta
- Tearing Pain
- Bleeding (Often Concealed)
- Rigid Uterus
- Contractions
- Corticosteroids as Needed
- Emergent Delivery
- Increased Risks for Neonate
- Rh (Rhesus) Incompatibilities
- Increased Risk for Shock
- Monitor Fetal Heart Rate
Placenta Previa
- Placenta Covers Cervical Os
- Painless
- Bright Red Vaginal Bleeding
- Stable Fetus
- Bed Rest
- Observation
- Unstable Fetus
- C-section Delivery
- Risk for Shock
- Magnesium Sulfate
- Tocolysis
Ectopic Pregnancy
- Lower Abdominal Pain
- Delayed Menses
- Abnormal Vaginal Bleeding
- Shock
- Referred Shoulder Pain
- Cullen Sign
- Methotrexate
- Surgery
- RhoGAM
Hyperemesis Gravidarum
- Excessive Vomiting
- Significant Weight Loss
- Dehydration
- Hypotension
- Electrolyte Imbalance
- Antiemetics
- Frequent Small Meals
- IV Therapy
Discomforts of Pregnancy - First Trimester
- Breast Tenderness
- Supportive Bra
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Frequent Small Meals
- Urinary Frequency and Urgency
- Frequently Empty Bladder
- Leukorrhea
- Perineal Pad
- Ptyalism
Discomforts of Pregnancy - Second Trimester
- Supine Hypotension
- Side-lying Position
- Food Cravings
- Heartburn (Pyrosis)
- Constipation
- Moderate Exercise
- Varicose Veins
- Elevate Legs
- Backache
- Pelvic Tilt Exercise
- Nutrition
Discomforts of Pregnancy - Third Trimester
- Shortness of Breath (SOB)
- Rest Periods
- Return of Urinary Frequency and Urgency
- Empty Bladder Regularly
- Leg Cramps
- Stretching Exercises
- Ankle Edema
- Elevate Legs
Supine Hypotension (Vena Cava Syndrome)
- Compression of the Vena Cava and Descending Aorta
- Hypotension
- Dizziness
- Tachycardia
- Decreased Renal Perfusion
- Decreased Uteroplacental Perfusion
- Side-lying Position
Preeclampsia Assessment
- After 20 Weeks of Pregnancy
- Hypertension > 140/90
- Proteinuria or End-Organ Dysfunction
- Hypertension > 160/110
- Progressive Renal Insufficiency
- Vision Changes
- HELLP Syndrome
- Pulmonary Edema
Preeclampsia Interventions
- Side Lying Position and Bedrest
- Antihypertensives
- Magnesium Sulfate
- Labor Induction
Severe Preeclampsia
- Vasospasm and Decreased Organ Perfusion
- Intravascular Coagulation
- Increased Permeability and Capillary Leakage
- Hypertension
- Proteinuria or End-Organ Dysfunction
- Hepatic Dysfunction and Hemolysis
- Elevated Liver Enzymes
- Low Platelet Counts
Eclampsia
- Increased Central Nervous System Irritability
- Hyperreflexia
- Positive Ankle Clonus
- Headaches
- Visual Disturbances
- Epigastric or RUQ Pain
- Seizures
- Coma
- Don't Leave Bedside
- Magnesium Sulfate
Mechanism of Labor
- Engagement
- Descent
- Flexion
- Internal Rotation
- Extension
- External Rotation (Restitution)
- Expulsion of Infant
True vs. False Labor
- Bloody Show
- Regular, Strong Contractions
- Progressive Effacement and Dilation
- Engagement of Presenting Part
- Irregular Contractions
- Cervix Soft
- No Engagement of Presenting Part
Prolapsed Umbilical Cord
- Cord Prolapses
- Visualization of Cord
- Prolonged or Variable Decelerations
- Hips Elevated
- Insert 2 fingers in Vagina
- Saline Towel on Cord
- Oxygen
Postpartum Hemorrhage
- Uterine Atony
- Lacerations
- Retained Placenta
- Bleeding
- Hypotension
- Boggy Uterus
- Oxytocin
- Bimanual Compression of Uterus
- Surgery
- Blood Transfusion