Ace Your PANCE Prep Pearls: 3rd Ed. (2019) Classes and Exams with Picmonic: #1 Visual Mnemonic Study Tool for Physician Assistant (PA) Students
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PANCE Prep Pearls: 3rd Ed. (2019) | Physician Assistant (PA) School Study Aid
Pleural Effusion
- Characteristics
- Accumulation of Fluid in Pleural Space
- Types
- Transudative
- Exudative
- Chylothorax
- Clinical Features
- Dyspnea
- Pleuritic Chest Pain
- Decreased Breath Sounds
- Diagnosis
- Chest X-ray
- Light Criteria
- Management
- Treat Underlying Disorder
- Thoracentesis
3 mins
Light's Criteria
- Use
- Determines Transudative vs. Exudative Source of Pleural Effusion
- Exudate if (At Least One of the Following):
- Effusion/Serum Protein Ratio > 0.5
- Effusion/Serum LDH Ratio > 0.6
- Effusion LDH > Two-thirds Upper Serum LDH Range
2 mins
Pneumothorax
- Mechanism
- Air Enters Pleural Space
- Assessment
- Sudden Dyspnea
- Absent or Restricted Movement on Affected Side
- Decreased or Absent Breath Sounds on Affected Side
- Chest Pain
- Tracheal Deviation
- Vital Sign Changes
- Crepitus
- Considerations
- High Fowler's Position With Oxygen
- Prepare For Chest Tube Placement
- Educate High Risk Patients
2 mins
Spontaneous Pneumothorax
- Mechanism
- Accumulation of Air in Pleural Space
- Tall and Thin Young Males
- Bleb or Bulla Rupture
- Underlying Disease
- Signs and Symptoms
- Hypoxemia
- Chest Pain
- Decreased Breath Sounds
- Hyperresonance
- Shortness of Breath (SOB)
1 min
Tension Pneumothorax
- Mechanism
- Air Enters Pleural Space, but Can't Exit
- Trauma or Infection
- Signs and Symptoms
- Decreased Breath Sounds
- Trachea Deviates Away from Affected Side
- Chest Pain
- Tachycardia
- Tachypnea
- Hypotension
- Hypoxemia
- Hyperresonance
- Emergency
2 mins
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