Pulmonary Hypertension Diagnosis and Management
- Echocardiogram
- Right Heart Cathetherization
- > 20 mmHg at Rest
- Chest X-Ray
- Treat Underlying Disorder
- Calcium Channel Blockers
- Endothelin Receptor Antagonists
- Prostacyclin Analogs
- PDE-5 inhibitors
Pulmonary Hypertension Classification (WHO)
- Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
- Idiopathic
- Hereditary
- BMPR2 Mutation
- Left Heart Disease
- Lung Diseases or Hypoxia
- COPD
- Obstructive Sleep Apnea
- Chronic Pulmonary Emboli
- Multifactorial
Pulmonary Embolism Causes
- FAT BAT Mnemonic
- Fat
- Air
- Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
- Bacteria
- Amniotic Fluid
- Tumor
- Hypercoagulable
- Central Venous Lines
- Immobilized
Pulmonary Embolism Assessment
- Shortness of Breath (SOB)
- Pleuritic Chest Pain
- Tachypnea
- Hemoptysis
- Hypoxemia
- Sudden Death
Pulmonary Embolism Presentation and Diagnosis
- Sudden onset Shortness of Breath (S.O.B.)
- Tachypnea
- Pleuritic Chest Pain
- Hemoptysis
- Hypoxemia
- Sudden Death
- Gold Standard: CT Pulmonary Angiography
- X-Ray
- D-Dimer
- V/Q Scan
Wells' Criteria for Pulmonary Embolism
- Clinical Symptoms of DVT (+3)
- Pulmonary Embolism Most Likely Diagnosis (+3)
- Tachycardia (+1.5)
- Immobilization > 3 Days (+1.5)
- Previous DVT or PE (+1.5)
- Hemoptysis (+1)
- Malignancy (+1)
- > 6 = High
- 2-6 = Moderate
- < 2 = Low