Meningitis Assessment
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Fever
- Nuchal Rigidity
- Severe Headache
- Purpura
- Seizures
- Photophobia
- Opisthotonus Position
- High-Pitched Cry
- Bulging Fontanel
Meningitis Interventions
- IV Antibiotics
- Dexamethasone
- Analgesics
- Antipyretics
- Closely Monitor for Increased ICP
- Bed Rest
- Preventative Vaccinations
- Droplet-Airborne Precautions
Common Causes of Meningitis: Newborn (0-6 Months)
- Group B Streptococci
- E. coli
- Listeria monocytogenes
Common Causes of Meningitis: Children (6 Months - 6 Years)
- Enteroviruses
- Neisseria meningitidis
- Haemophilus influenzae Type B
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
Common Causes of Meningitis: Adolescent and Adult (6 - 60 Years Old)
- Enteroviruses
- Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)
- Neisseria meningitidis (#1 Cause in Teens)
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
Common Causes of Meningitis: Elderly (60+ Years Old)
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
- Gram-Negative Rods
- Listeria Monocytogenes
Neisseria Meningitidis
- Gram-Negative
- Diplococci
- Chocolate Agar
- Thayer-Martin Media
- VPN
- Oxidase-Positive
- Maltose Fermentation
- Glucose Fermentation
- Endotoxin
- Lipooligosaccharide (LOS) in Membrane
- Polysaccharide Capsule
- IgA Protease
- Waterhouse Friderichsen Syndrome
- Adrenal Insufficiency
- Petechial Rash
- Ceftriaxone
- Rifampin Prophylaxis
Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus
- Elderly
- Idiopathic
- Decreased Absorption of CSF
- Ventricular Enlargement
- Urinary Incontinence
- Ataxia (Gait)
- Cognitive Dysfunction