Understanding Pathophysiology, 6th Ed., Huether, McCance, Brashers, & Rote | Practical Nurse (LPN) School Study Aid
Newborn Assessment
- APGAR
- Umbilical Cord
- 2 Arteries 1 Vein
- Eye Prophylaxis
- Fontanels
- Vitamin K Injection (Phytonadione)
- Gestational Age Assessment (GAA)
- Birth Weight
- Head Circumference
- Length
- Keep Warm
- ID Bands
Age 4 Months - Developmental Milestones
- Sits With Support
- Rooting Reflex Disappears
- Moro Reflex Disappears
- Reaches Across Midline
- Turns to Voice
- Laughs
- Enjoys Looking Around
Age 6 Months - Developmental Milestones
- Palmar Reflex Disappears
- Sits Propped Up On Hands
- Rolls
- Transfers Objects Hands to Hands
- Raking Grasp
- Babbles
- Responds to Name
- Stranger Anxiety Develops
Age 9 Months - Developmental Milestones
- Pulls to Stand
- Starts Cruising
- Three-Finger Pincer Grasp
- Holds Bottle or Cup
- Starts Sounding "Mama" or "Dada"
- Waves Bye
- Separation Anxiety
- Plays Pat-A-Cake
Age 1 Year - Developmental Milestones
- Stands Well
- First Steps
- Throws Ball
- Points to Objects
- Babinski Reflex Disappears
- Two-Finger Pincer Grasp
- "Mama & Dada"
- One-Step Commands with Gesture
Spina Bifida Assessment
- Congenital Malformation of Vertebrae
- Dimple With or Without Hair Tuft
- Lumbar Sac
- Hydrocephalus
- Paralysis
- Identify Type
Spina Bifida Interventions
- Surgery
- Prone Position
- Cover Sac with Moist (Sterile) Dressing
- Measure Head Circumference
- Bulging Fontanel
- Other Congenital Malformations Common
- Bowel Control
- Neurogenic Bladder
Hydrocephalus
- Increased CSF in Ventricles of Brain
- Signs of Increased ICP
- High Pitched Cry
- Irritability
- Opisthotonus
- Increased Head Circumference
- Bulging Fontanel
- Setting Sun Sign
- Seizure Precautions
- Elevate HOB
- CSF Shunt
Cerebral Palsy (CP)
- Maternal Infections
- Fetal Hypoxia
- Developmental Delay
- Neurological Dysfunction
- Spasticity
- Dysphagia
- Muscle Relaxants
- Muscle Exercises
- Assistive Devices
- Braces
Phenylketonuria (PKU)
- Autosomal Recessive Genetic Disorder
- Enzyme Deficiency
- Failure to Thrive
- Irritability
- Musty or Mousy Odor
- Cognitive Impairment
- Low Phenylalanine Diet
- Low Protein Foods (Diet)
- Avoid Aspartame
- Sapropterin (Kuvan)
- Guthrie Blood Test
Common Causes of Meningitis: Newborn (0-6 Months)
- Group B Streptococci
- E. coli
- Listeria monocytogenes
Common Causes of Meningitis: Children (6 Months - 6 Years)
- Enteroviruses
- Neisseria meningitidis
- Haemophilus influenzae Type B
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
Types of Strokes
- Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)
- Reversible Ischemic Neurologic Deficit (RIND)
- Ischemic
- Thrombotic
- Atherosclerosis
- Embolic
- Atrial Fibrillation
- Hemorrhagic
- Severe Hypertension
Types of Seizures
- Tonic-clonic
- Tonic
- Clonic
- Absence (Petit Mal)
- Myoclonic
- Atonic
- Partial (Focal) Seizure
- Simple Partial
- Complex Partial
Wilms' Tumor (Nephroblastoma)
- Malignant Renal Tumor
- Abdominal Mass
- Hematuria
- Fever
- Hypertension
- Nephrectomy
- Chemotherapy
- Radiation
- Do Not Palpate Abdomen
- Children Under 5 Years Old