Hemochromatosis Pathophysiology
- Hemosiderin Deposition
- Autosomal Recessive
- HLA-A3
- Secondary to Transfusion Therapy
- Increase Iron
- Increase Ferritin
- Increased Transferrin Saturation
Hemochromatosis Signs and Symptoms
- Micronodular Cirrhosis
- Hepatocellular Carcinoma
- Diabetes
- Bronze Skin Coloring
- CHF
- Arthropathy
- Testicular Atrophy
- Impotence
Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia
- Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
- Peripheral Neuropathy
- Hyperviscosity Syndrome
- Headache, Blurred Vision
- Raynaud Phenomenon
- Thrombosis
- Petechiae
- Abnormal Plasma Cells
- Dutcher Bodies
- Monoclonal IgM Antibodies
- Observation
- Chemotherapy
- Plasmapheresis
Multiple Myeloma Pathophysiology
- Monoclonal Plasma Cell Cancer
- Clock Face Chromatin
- M Spike on Protein Electrophoresis
- Increased IgG and IgA
- Fried Egg Appearance (BM Biopsy)
- Rouleaux Formation
- Stacked RBC's
- Bence Jones Protein
Multiple Myeloma Signs and Symptoms
- Increased Susceptibility to Infection
- Back/Bone Pain
- Punched Out Lytic Bone Lesions
- Hypercalcemia
- Primary Amyloidosis
- Renal Insufficiency
- Anemia
Polycythemia Vera Disease
- JAK2 Mutation leading to increased red blood cells
- Tyrosine Kinase
- Erythromelalgia
- Pruritus
- Often After Hot Shower
- Headache
- Phlebotomy
- Aspirin
Polycythemia Vera Labs
- Hypervolemia
- Histaminemia
- Hyperviscosity
- Hyperuricemia
- Elevated Hemoglobin or Hematocrit
- Positive Jak2 Mutation
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)
- Ages < 15
- May Present with Bone Marrow Involvement in Children
- Mediastinal Mass in Adolescents
- TdT Positive
- CALLA Positive
- t(12;21) Better Prognosis
- Spread to CNS and Testes
- Most Responsive to Chemotherapy
Tumor Lysis Syndrome
- Leukemia/Lymphoma Treatment
- Oncologic Emergency
- GI Distress
- Fatigue
- Arrhythmias
- Acute Kidney Injury
- Hyperkalemia
- Hyperphosphatemia
- Hyperuricemia
- Hypocalcemia
- Aggressive Hydration
- Electrolyte Correction
- Allopurinol
- Rasburicase
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)
- Age > 60 Years
- B Cell Neoplasm
- Smudge Cells
- Often Asymptomatic
- Cold IgM Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
- Warm IgG Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
- Richter's Transformation
Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML)
- Myeloblasts Increase on Peripheral Smear
- Median Onset 60 Years
- T 15;17 M3 Subtype
- Auer Rods
- Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) is a Common Presentation
- M5 Gum Infiltration
- Responds to Vitamin A
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)
- BCR-ABL
- 9;22 Translocation
- Philadelphia Chromosome
- Tyrosine Kinase
- Low Alkaline Phosphatase
- Splenomegaly
- Blast Crisis
- Age 30 to 90 Years
- Responds to Imatinib
Hodgkin Lymphoma Pathophysiology
- Reed-Sternberg Cells
- Binucleate
- Owl's Eyes Appearance
- CD 15 and CD 30
- B Cell Origin
- Bimodal Age Distribution
Hodgkin Lymphoma Signs & Symptoms
- Localized Single Group of Lymph Nodes
- Contiguous Spread
- Constitutional B Symptoms
- Low-Grade Fever
- Night Sweats
- Weight Loss
Hodgkin's Lymphoma Assessment
- Lymph Node Cancer
- Contiguous Spread
- Painless Lymphadenopathy
- Constitutional B Signs
- Night Sweats
- Fever
- Weight Loss
- Bimodal Age Distribution
- Reed-Sternberg Cells
Hodgkin's Lymphoma Interventions
- Biopsy
- Staging
- Radiation
- Chemotherapy
- Treat Side Effects of Therapy
- Secondary Cancer Screening
Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Assessment
- Lymphatic Cancer
- Non-Contiguous Spread
- B or T Cells
- Painless Lymphadenopathy
- Constitutional B Signs
- Night Sweats
- Fever
- Weight Loss
- Mediastinal or Abdominal Mass
- Older Adults
- > 60 Subtypes